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The Luna programme was the first successful lunar programme, its Luna 1 (1959) being the first partially successful lunar mission The first image taken of the far side of the Moon, returned by Luna 3 (1959) Missions to the Moon have been numerous and include some of the earliest space missions, conducting exploration of the Moon since 1959.
The programme accomplished many firsts in space exploration, including first flyby of the Moon, first impact of the Moon and first photos of the far side of the Moon. Each mission was designed as either an orbiter or lander. They also performed many experiments, studying the Moon's chemical composition, gravity, temperature, and radiation.
Surveyor 7 was sent to the Moon in 1968 on a scientific and photographic mission as the seventh and last lunar lander of the American uncrewed Surveyor program.With two previous unsuccessful missions in the Surveyor series, and with Surveyor 7's landing success, Surveyor 7 became the fifth and final spacecraft in the series to achieve a lunar soft landing.
The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP; Chinese: 中国探月工程; pinyin: Zhōngguó Tànyuè Gōngchéng), also known as the Chang'e Project (Chinese: 嫦娥工程; pinyin: Cháng'é Gōngchéng) after the Chinese Moon goddess Chang'e, is an ongoing series of robotic Moon missions by the China National Space Administration (CNSA).
The Manfred Memorial Moon Mission was launched on 23 October 2014. It conducted a lunar flyby and operated for 19 days which was four times longer than expected. The Manfred Memorial Moon Mission remained attached to the upper stage of its launch vehicle (CZ-3C/E). The spacecraft along with its upper stage impacted the Moon on 4 March 2022. [76 ...
NASA's LCROSS mission culminated with two lunar impacts at 11:31 and 11:36 UTC on October 9. The goal of the impact was the search for water in the Cabeus crater near the Moon's south pole, [46] and preliminary results indicated the presence of both water and hydroxyl, an ion related to water. [47] [48]
The crewed Apollo missions are listed at List of missions to the Moon. Major programs encompassing several probes include: Luna program — USSR Lunar exploration (1959–1976) Ranger program — US Lunar hard-landing probes (1961–1965) Zond program — USSR Lunar exploration (1964–1970) Surveyor program — US Lunar soft-landing probe ...
For instance, logic dictated that the next step after the prior lunar missions would be either a lunar orbiter or a soft-lander. The comparatively long mission length of 3.5 days implied a larger payload, supporting this belief. That Luna 4 missed the Moon, and by a wider margin than Luna 1 and Luna 3, thus suggested a mission failure. [7]