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Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes. The use of the nuclides produced is varied. The largest variety is used in research (e.g. in chemistry where atoms of "marker" nuclide are used to figure out reaction mechanisms).
{{Infobox element}}; labels & notes: (Image) GENERAL PROPERTIES Name Symbol Pronunciation (data central) Alternative name(s) Allotropes Appearance <element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE Periodic table Atomic number Standard atomic weight (data central) Element category (also header bg color) (sets header bg color, over 'series='-color) Group Period ...
An atomic vapor laser isotope separation experiment at LLNL. The green light is from a copper vapor pump laser used to pump a highly tuned dye laser which is producing the orange light. Atomic vapor laser isotope separation , or AVLIS , is a method by which specially tuned lasers are used to separate isotopes of uranium using selective ...
Isotope fractionation occurs during a phase transition, when the ratio of light to heavy isotopes in the involved molecules changes. When water vapor condenses (an equilibrium fractionation), the heavier water isotopes (18 O and 2 H) become enriched in the liquid phase while the lighter isotopes (16 O and 1 H) tend toward the vapor phase. [1]
This template is used in the articles for superheavy elements to produce the sortable lists of isotopes. It was created to simplify formatting and standardize references. For each isotope, a row {{isotopes summary/isotope}} is to be added. The template {} is required on any pages that use this template.
The meta-templatee is {{Infobox isotopes (meta)}} (META) It contains a table of main isotopes and eventually the standard atomic weight. This template is reused in {{Infobox <element>}} as a child Infobox (|child=yes). As of Jan 2023, a 'Main isotope' is conforming MOS:MAINISOTOPE (under construction, see WP:ELEMENTS What is a "Main_isotope"?)
Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the table can occur. r [mini-title] Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material. Texts from CIAAW site, 19 Mar 2023.
Equilibrium isotope fractionation is the partial separation of isotopes between two or more substances in chemical equilibrium. Equilibrium fractionation is strongest at low temperatures, and (along with kinetic isotope effects) forms the basis of the most widely used isotopic paleothermometers (or climate proxies): D/H and 18 O/ 16 O records from ice cores, and 18 O/ 16 O records from calcium ...