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Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 3 CO) 2 O. Commonly abbreviated Ac 2 O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with ...
The diazomethane is required in excess so as to react with the HCl formed previously. [2] Not taking diazomethane in excess results in HCl reacting with the diazoketone to form chloromethyl ketone and N 2. Mild conditions allow this reaction to take place while not affecting complex or reducible groups in the reactant-acid. [3]
In organic synthesis, the complex diethylaniline·borane (DEANB) is used as a reducing agent. [4] Diethylaniline and dimethylaniline are both used as acid-absorbing bases. The advantage to the diethyl derivative is that [C 6 H 5 NEt 2 H]Cl is non-hygroscopic, in contrast to [C 6 H 5 NMe 2 H]Cl. [5]
There are a number of steps in a RAFT polymerization: initiation, pre-equilibrium, re-initiation, main equilibrium, propagation and termination. The mechanism is now explained further with the help of Figure 5. Initiation: The reaction is started by a free-radical source which may be a decomposing radical initiator such as AIBN.
The reaction of quadricyclane with DEAD is a 2σ + 2σ + 2π cycloaddition that on water takes place within 10 minutes at room temperature with 82% yield. The same reaction in toluene takes 24 hours at 80 °C with 70% yield. An emulsion reaction in fluorinated cyclohexane takes 36 hours and the neat reaction takes even longer (48 hours).
It has been reported that formate can be formed by the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 (in the form of bicarbonate) at a lead cathode at pH 8.6: [24] HCO − 3 + H 2 O + 2e − → HCO − 2 + 2OH −. or CO 2 + H 2 O + 2e − → HCO − 2 + OH −. If the feed is CO 2 and oxygen is evolved at the anode, the total reaction is: CO 2 + OH − ...
[1] [2] [3] The outcome of the reaction depends on reaction conditions. With water and a protic acid such as sulfuric acid as the reaction medium and formaldehyde the reaction product is a 1,3-diol (3). When water is absent, the cationic intermediate loses a proton to give an allylic alcohol (4).
A multi-component reaction (or MCR), sometimes referred to as a "Multi-component Assembly Process" (or MCAP), is a chemical reaction where three or more compounds react to form a single product. [1] By definition, multicomponent reactions are those reactions whereby more than two reactants combine in a sequential manner to give highly selective ...