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The binary digital sum is crucial for the theory of the game of Nim. The digital sum in base b is an associative and commutative operation on the natural numbers; it has 0 as neutral element and every natural number has an inverse element under this operation. The natural numbers together with the base-b digital sum thus form an abelian group ...
The digit sum - add the digits of the representation of a number in a given base. For example, considering 84001 in base 10 the digit sum would be 8 + 4 + 0 + 0 + 1 = 13. The digital root - repeatedly apply the digit sum operation to the representation of a number in a given base until the outcome is a single digit. For example, considering ...
Digit sums and digital roots can be used for quick divisibility tests: a natural number is divisible by 3 or 9 if and only if its digit sum (or digital root) is divisible by 3 or 9, respectively. For divisibility by 9, this test is called the rule of nines and is the basis of the casting out nines technique for checking calculations. Digit sums ...
SQUOZE encoding used to compactly represent file names and other symbols on some IBM computers. Encoding using all Gurmukhi characters plus the Gurmukhi digits. 52: Covers the digits and letters assigned to base 62 apart from the basic vowel letters; [59] similar to base 26 but distinguishing upper- and lower-case letters. 56: A variant of base 58.
10 b = b for any base b, since 10 b = 1×b 1 + 0×b 0. For example, 10 2 = 2; 10 3 = 3; 10 16 = 16 10. Note that the last "16" is indicated to be in base 10. The base makes no difference for one-digit numerals. This concept can be demonstrated using a diagram. One object represents one unit.
The digital root (also repeated digital sum) of a natural number in a given radix is the (single digit) value obtained by an iterative process of summing digits, on each iteration using the result from the previous iteration to compute a digit sum. The process continues until a single-digit number is reached.
The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2.Each digit is referred to as a bit, or binary digit.Because of its straightforward implementation in digital electronic circuitry using logic gates, the binary system is used by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices, as a preferred system of use, over various other human techniques of communication, because ...
In a positional base b numeral system (with b a natural number greater than 1 known as the radix or base of the system), b basic symbols (or digits) corresponding to the first b natural numbers including zero are used. To generate the rest of the numerals, the position of the symbol in the figure is used.