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An inhalational anesthetic is a chemical compound possessing general anesthetic properties that is delivered via inhalation. They are administered through a face mask, laryngeal mask airway or tracheal tube connected to an anesthetic vaporiser and an anesthetic delivery system .
1 Inhalational anesthetic agents. 2 Bronchodilators. 3 Anti-hypertensives. 4 Anti-inflammatories. 5 Antimicrobials. 6 Pulmonary surfactants. 7 Sympathomimetic amines.
This seems to be especially problematic in dental anesthesia. [25] Like all the potent inhalational anaesthetic agents, it is a potent trigger for malignant hyperthermia. [5] Similarly, in common with the other potent inhalational agents, it relaxes uterine smooth muscle and this may increase blood loss during delivery or termination of ...
The Meyer-Overton correlation for anaesthetics. A nonspecific mechanism of general anaesthetic action was first proposed by Emil Harless and Ernst von Bibra in 1847. [9] They suggested that general anaesthetics may act by dissolving in the fatty fraction of brain cells and removing fatty constituents from them, thus changing activity of brain cells and inducing anaesthesia.
Sevoflurane is an inhaled anesthetic that is often used to induce and maintain anesthesia in children for surgery. [17] During the process of awakening from the medication, it has been associated with a high incidence (>30%) of agitation and delirium in preschool children undergoing minor noninvasive surgery. [ 17 ]
General anesthetics are frequently administered as volatile liquids or gases. Inhalational anaesthetic substances are either volatile liquids or gases, and are usually delivered using an anaesthesia machine. An anaesthesia machine allows composing a mixture of oxygen, anaesthetics and ambient air, delivering it to the patient and monitoring ...
Inhalational anaesthesia may be chosen when intravenous access is difficult to obtain (e.g., children), when difficulty maintaining the airway is anticipated, or when the patient prefers it. Sevoflurane is the most commonly used agent for inhalational induction, because it is less irritating to the tracheobronchial tree than other agents. [37]
Isoflurane, sold under the brand name Forane among others, is a general anesthetic. [4] It can be used to start or maintain anesthesia; however, other medications are often used to start anesthesia, due to airway irritation with isoflurane. [3] [5] Isoflurane is given via inhalation. [4]