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Money laundering is the process of illegally concealing the origin of money obtained from illicit activities (often known as dirty money) such as drug trafficking, underground sex work, terrorism, corruption, embezzlement, and treason, and converting the funds into a seemingly legitimate source, usually through a front organization.
Embezzlement (from Anglo-Norman, from Old French besillier ("to torment, etc."), of unknown origin) [1] is a term commonly used for a type of financial crime, usually involving theft of money from a business or employer. It often involves a trusted individual taking advantage of their position to steal funds or assets, most commonly over a ...
Under Australia's Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorism Financing (CTF) Rules, [11] PEPs are individuals who occupy a prominent public position or functions in a government body or international organisation, both within and outside Australia. This definition also extends to their immediate family members and close associates.
It measures the state of corruption and white-collar crimes around the world, specifically money laundering and terrorism financing. [ 155 ] Absence of corruption is one of the eight factors [ 156 ] the World Justice Project [ 157 ] Rule of Law Index [ 158 ] measures to evaluate adherence to the rule of law in 140 countries and jurisdictions ...
Money laundering is broadly defined in the UK. [81] In effect any handling or involvement with any proceeds of any crime (or monies or assets representing the proceeds of crime) can be a money laundering offence. An offender's possession of the proceeds of his own crime falls within the UK definition of money laundering. [82]
Third, financial transactions conducted by the kleptocrat in a Western country complete the integration of the funds. Once a kleptocrat has purchased an asset this can then be resold, providing a defensible albeit illegal origin of the funds. This is known as money laundering and is illegal throughout the Western world.
The larger crime may be racketeering, money laundering, financing of terrorism, etc. [1] For example, to violate the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act (RICO), a person must "engage in a pattern of racketeering activity", and in particular, must have committed at least two predicate crimes within 10 years. [ 2 ]
The Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF), an independent inter-governmental body that develops and promotes policies to protect the global financial system against money laundering and terrorist financing, was established in 1989, [8] and sets international standards related to beneficial ownership, including the definition of ...