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A parapet fortification (known as a breastwork when temporary) is a wall of stone, wood or earth on the outer edge of a defensive wall or trench, which shelters the defenders. [7] [8] In medieval castles, they were often crenellated. In later artillery forts, parapets tend to be higher and thicker.
A load-bearing wall or bearing wall is a wall that is an active structural element of a building — that is, it bears the weight of the elements above said wall, resting upon it by conducting its weight to a foundation structure. [1] The materials most often used to construct load-bearing walls in large buildings are concrete, block, or brick.
Cornice of Maison Carrée (Nîmes, France), a Roman temple in the Corinthian order, with dentils nearest the wall.. In Ancient Greek architecture and its successors using the classical orders in the tradition of classical architecture, the cornice is the topmost element of the entablature, which consists (from top to bottom) of the cornice, the frieze, and the architrave.
RingCentral Office is a cloud-based PBX system for businesses. [42] RingCentral Office features include call auto-attendant, company directory, call forwarding and handling, multiple extensions, a mobile app for iPhone and Android, Business SMS, video conferencing and screen-sharing, and fax. [42]
Benjamin Stephenson House's courtyard formed by an ell. In architecture, an ell is a wing of a building perpendicular (at a right angle) to the length of the main portion (main range). [1] It takes its name from the shape of the letter L. Ells are often additions to a building.
sill - a stud sized member forming the base of a window assembly or the base of wall. mudsill - a stud sized member that forms the base of a wall and has been treated against insects and decay. top plate or double top plate - a stud sized member that forms the top of the wall. In cases where other members must bear or brace on the top of the ...
Larger curtain walls were provided with mural passages or galleries built into the thickness of the walls and provided with arrowslits. If an enemy reached the foot of the wall, they became difficult to see or shoot at directly, so some walls were fitted with a projecting wooden platform called a hoarding or brattice.
Wall towers, also known as mural towers, provide flanking fire (from crossbows or other projectile weapons) to a straight part of the curtain wall. Corner towers enfilade the two adjoining wall faces. If corner towers are far apart, additional flanking towers may be added between them. Towers in an outer curtain wall are often open at the back.