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[5] [6] In Athens, 40,000 civilians died from starvation and tens of thousands more died from reprisals by Nazis and their collaborators. [7] The Jewish population of Greece was nearly eradicated. Of its pre-war population of 75–77,000, around 11–12,000 survived, often by joining the resistance or being hidden. [8]
Part of the larger Greek resistance, it lasted from 20 May 1941, when the German Wehrmacht invaded the island in the Battle of Crete, until the spring of 1945 when they surrendered to the British. For the first time during World War II, attacking German forces faced in Crete a substantial resistance from the local population.
Finally, with the advance of the Red Army and the desertion of Romania and Bulgaria, the Germans evacuated mainland Greece in October 1944, although isolated garrisons remained in Crete, the Dodecanese and various other Aegean islands until the end of the war in May 1945.
The Great Famine Μεγάλος Λιμός; Country: Greece: Location: Most of Greece (urban, rural areas, islands) Period: 1941–1942: Total deaths: Est. 300,000 [1] [2] (mortality rate reached a peak in the winter of 1941–1942, and 150,000 just in 1941 alone) [3] Nazi claim at the time: ~70,000
The new government of Plastiras and the Communist Party signed in February 1945 the Treaty of Varkiza in an effort of accord. On 25 January 1945, a mass grave of about 200 people was found in Athens. Examiners estimated the bodies to be a month to six weeks old, which aligns with the period of the ELAS occupation of the area.
Greek resistance; Part of the Balkans Campaign of World War II and the Resistance against the Axis Powers: Athens University students parading on Greek National Independence Day (25 March) 1942, in defiance of the German and Italian occupation forces; the parade was eventually dispersed by Axis troops.
The ministry of war remained in Cairo throughout the war as the bulk of the Greek armed forces were in Egypt. [5] In March 1943, the government-in-exile returned to Cairo. [ 10 ] British officials assumed a dismissive attitude towards the Greek government-in-exile, with one Foreign Office civil servant writing that Greece was "an Egypt without ...
Although the poorer sections of society were naturally well represented, the movement included many of the pre-war elites as well: no fewer than 16 generals and over 1,500 officers of the army, thirty professors of the University of Athens and other institutions of higher education, as well as six bishops of the Church of Greece and many ...