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  2. File-system permissions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File-system_permissions

    Distinct permissions apply to the owner. Files and directories are assigned a group, which define the file's group class. Distinct permissions apply to members of the file's group. The owner may be a member of the file's group. Users who are not the owner, nor a member of the group, comprise a file's others class. Distinct permissions apply to ...

  3. chmod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod

    Note that only the user or the superuser (root) is able to change file permissions. chmod [options] mode[,mode] file1 [file2 ...] [7] Usually implemented options include: -R Recursive, i.e. include objects in subdirectories.-v verbose, show objects changed (unchanged objects are not shown). If a symbolic link is specified, the target object is ...

  4. Hidden file and hidden directory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_file_and_hidden...

    In computing, a hidden folder (sometimes hidden directory) or hidden file is a folder or file which filesystem utilities do not display by default when showing a directory listing. They are commonly used for storing user preferences or preserving the state of a utility and are frequently created implicitly by using various utilities.

  5. Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard

    Source code (e.g., the kernel source code with its header files). /usr/X11R6: X Window System, Version 11, Release 6 (up to FHS-2.3, optional). /var: Variable files: files whose content is expected to continually change during normal operation of the system, such as logs, spool files, and temporary e-mail files. /var/cache: Application cache data.

  6. umask - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umask

    When a program creates a file, the file permissions are restricted by the mask. If the mask has a bit set to "1", then the corresponding initial file permission will be disabled. A bit set to "0" in the mask means that the corresponding permission will be determined by the program and the file system. In other words, the mask acts as a last ...

  7. Home directory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_directory

    A home directory is a file system directory on a multi-user operating system containing files for a given user of the system. The specifics of the home directory (such as its name and location) are defined by the operating system involved; for example, Linux / BSD systems use /home/ username or /usr/home/ username and Windows systems since Windows Vista use \Users\ username .

  8. Extended file attributes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_file_attributes

    They are notably used by the NFS server of the Interix POSIX subsystem in order to implement Unix-like permissions. The Windows Subsystem for Linux added in the Windows 10 Anniversary Update uses them for similar purposes, storing the Linux file mode, owner, device ID (if applicable), and file times in the extended attributes. [27]

  9. Wubi (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wubi_(software)

    A boot menu in Windows 7 showing options to start Ubuntu, which was added by the Wubi installer. Wubi adds an entry to the Windows boot menu which allows the user to run Linux. Ubuntu is installed within a file in the Windows file system (c:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk), as opposed to being installed within its own partition.