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2. Variable camshaft timing - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_camshaft_timing

   For twin-cam or DOHC engines, VCT was used on either the intake or exhaust camshaft. (Engines that have VCT on both camshafts are now designated as Ti-VCT.↓) The use of variable camshaft timing on the exhaust camshaft is for improved emissions, and vehicles with VCT on the exhaust camshaft do not require exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) as retarding the exhaust cam timing achieves the same ...

3. Variator (variable valve timing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variator_(variable_valve...

   Oil flow to the variator is controlled by a solenoid valve. When engine speed reaches a certain speed, normally 1500-2000 rpm in the Twin Spark application, the solenoid energises, causing pressurised oil to be directed through the inlet camshaft into the variator. The inlet camshaft position is advanced 25 degrees, thus increasing valve ...

4. Crankshaft position sensor - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crankshaft_position_sensor

   A crank sensor (CKP) [1] [2] [3] is an electronic device used in an internal combustion engine, both petrol and diesel, to monitor the position or rotational speed of the crankshaft. This information is used by engine management systems to control the fuel injection or the ignition system timing and other engine parameters

5. Active valve control system - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_valve_control_system

   The active valve control system (AVCS) is an automobile variable valve timing technology used by Subaru. It varies the timing of the valves by using hydraulic oil pressure to rotate the camshaft, known as "phasing", [1] in order to provide optimal valve timing for engine load conditions. The system is closed loop using the camshaft sensors ...

6. Timing belt (camshaft) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timing_belt_(camshaft)

   In a piston engine, either a timing belt (also called a cambelt) or timing chain or set of timing gears is a perishable component used to synchronize the rotation of the crankshaft and the camshaft. This synchronisation ensures that the engine's valves open and close at the correct times in relation to the position of the pistons.

7. Variable Cylinder Management - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_Cylinder_Management

   The system operates through controlling the flow of hydraulic engine oil pressure to locking mechanisms in the cam followers. The engine's drive by wire throttle allows the engine management computer to smooth out the engine's power delivery, making the system nearly imperceptible on some vehicles. When the VCM system disables cylinders, an ...

8. N-VCT - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-VCT

   N-VTC varies valve timing by rotating the affected camshaft relative to the sprocket; valve lift and duration are not altered. This rotation is achieved when an electric solenoid, controlled by the car's ECU, allows pressurized engine oil to flow into and through the cam and into a slave mechanism, axially advancing camshaft timing relative to ...

9. Valve actuator - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valve_actuator

   The blue valve body is visible in-line with the pipe. The valve actuator opens or closes the butterfly disc of the valve based on electrical signals sent to the actuator. Another valve actuator is visible in the background, with windows to indicate the valve position. A valve actuator is the mechanism for opening and closing a valve. Manually ...