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An endometrial polyp or uterine polyp is a mass in the inner lining of the uterus. [1] They may have a large flat base or be attached to the uterus by an elongated pedicle (pedunculated). [2] [3] Pedunculated polyps are more common than sessile ones. [4] They range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. [3]
Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure consisting of the full removal of the uterus, and can include the removal of fallopian tubes (otherwise known as the uterine tubes), cervix and ovaries. [ 69 ] In the UK the use of hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding has been almost halved between 1989 and 2003. [ 70 ]
Vaginal bleeding in the first week of life after birth is a common observation, and pediatricians typically discuss this with new mothers at the time of hospital discharge. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] During childhood, one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding is presence of a foreign body in the vagina which may be caused by normal self-exploration ...
The underlying causes may include ovulation problems, fibroids, the lining of the uterus growing into the uterine wall, uterine polyps, underlying bleeding problems, side effects from birth control, or cancer. [3] More than one category of causes may apply in an individual case. [3] The first step in work-up is to rule out a tumor or pregnancy.
[4] Besides the aforementioned physiologic forms, IMB may also represent abnormal uterine bleeding and be a sign of an underlying disorder, such as a hormone imbalance, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, uterine cancer, or vaginal cancer. [citation needed] If the bleeding is repeated and heavy, it can cause significant iron-deficiency anemia.
Cancers of the vagina or fallopian tubes are rare causes of hemorrhage. Uterine fibroids represent a common, benign condition that may lead to bleeding, specifically if the lesion affects the uterine cavity. Polyps of the uterine lining are a common cause of bleeding, but such bleeding tends to be light.
Although hematometra can often be diagnosed based purely on the patient's history of amenorrhea and cyclic abdominal pain, as well as a palpable pelvic mass on examination, the diagnosis can be confirmed by ultrasound, which will show blood pooled in the uterus and an enlargement of the uterine cavity. [4] [5] A pyelogram or laparoscopy may ...
If there is excessive menstrual and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation, menometrorrhagia (meno = prolonged, metro = time, rrhagia = excessive flow/discharge) may be diagnosed. Causes may be due to abnormal blood clotting, disruption of normal hormonal regulation of periods or disorders of the endometrial lining of the uterus.