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2. f-number - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-number

   [1] [2] [3] The f-number is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop, and it is key in determining the depth of field, diffraction, and exposure of a photograph. [4] The f-number is dimensionless and is usually expressed using a lower-case hooked f with the format f / N , where N is the f-number.

3. Lens speed - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_speed

   While the fastest lenses in general production in the 2010s were f / 1.2 or f / 1.4, the 2020s have seen several f / 0.95 lenses, see below.. What is considered "fast" has evolved to lower f-numbers over the years, due to advances in lens design, optical manufacturing, quality of glass, optical coatings, and the move toward smaller imaging formats.

4. Exposure compensation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_compensation

   Many digital cameras have a display setting and possibly a physical dial whereby the photographer can set the camera to either over or under expose the subject by up to three f-stops in 1/3 stop intervals. Each number on the scale (1,2,3) represents one f-stop, decreasing the exposure by one f-stop will halve the amount of light reaching the ...

5. Stopping down - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stopping_down

   Increasing f-stop decreases the aperture of a lens. In photography, stopping down refers to increasing the numerical f-stop number (for example, going from f / 2 to f / 4), which decreases the size (diameter) of the aperture of a lens, resulting in reducing the amount of light entering the iris of a lens. [1] [2]: 112

6. Exposure (photography) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_(photography)

   For example, the photographer may prefer to make his sunny-16 shot at an aperture of f /5.6 (to obtain a shallow depth of field). As f /5.6 is 3 stops "faster" than f /16, with each stop meaning double the amount of light, a new shutter speed of (1/125)/(2·2·2) = 1/1000 s is needed. Once the photographer has determined the exposure, aperture ...

7. Aperture - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture

   The photography term "one f-stop" refers to a factor of √ 2 (approx. 1.41) change in f-number which corresponds to a √ 2 change in aperture diameter, which in turn corresponds to a factor of 2 change in light intensity (by a factor 2 change in the aperture area). Aperture priority is a semi-automatic shooting mode used in cameras.

8. Exposure value - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_value

   Extended exposure time of 26 seconds. Exposure value is a base-2 logarithmic scale defined by (Ray 2000, 318): = ⁡ = ⁡ ⁡, where N is the f-number; and; t is the exposure time ("shutter speed") in seconds [2]

9. Film speed - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_speed

   Therefore, each f-number factor of the square root of two (approximately 1.4) is also a stop, so lenses are typically marked in that progression: f / 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32, etc.. The ISO arithmetic speed has a useful property for photographers without the equipment for taking a metered light reading.