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  2. List of rulers in Wales - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rulers_in_Wales

    The only person known to have ruled all of Wales as a modern territory was Gruffydd ap Llywelyn (c. 1010–1063), a Prince of Gwynedd who became King of Wales from 1055 to 1063. However, some Welsh Princes sporadically claimed the medieval title of " Prince of Wales " between the 13th to 15th centuries.

  3. Statute of Rhuddlan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statute_of_Rhuddlan

    The statute also divided Wales into administrations of government via shires which were essentially provinces of the English crown. [9] Prior to the statute, the Welsh principalities were ruled by Welsh law and the native Princes of Wales, the last prince to rule the whole Principality being Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, killed in an ambush by the English in 1282.

  4. History of Wales - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wales

    The earliest known item of human remains discovered in modern-day Wales is a Neanderthal jawbone, found at the Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site in the valley of the River Elwy in North Wales; it dates from about 230,000 years before present (BP) in the Lower Palaeolithic period, [1] and from then, there have been skeletal remains found of the Paleolithic Age man in multiple regions of Wales ...

  5. Welsh independence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_independence

    The only king to unite Wales was Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, who ruled as King of Wales from about 1057 until his death in 1063. [11] [12] Fourteen years later the Norman invasion of Wales began, which briefly controlled much of Wales, but by 1100 Anglo-Norman control was reduced to the lowland Gwent, Glamorgan, Gower, and Pembroke, while the contested border region between the Welsh princes and ...

  6. Llywelyn ab Iorwerth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llywelyn_ab_Iorwerth

    He succeeded his uncle, Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd, as King of Gwynedd in 1195. By a combination of war and diplomacy, he dominated Wales for 45 years. During Llywelyn's childhood, Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who split the kingdom between them, following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd, in 1170. Llywelyn had a strong ...

  7. Age of the Saints - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_the_Saints

    Christianity had entered Wales during Roman times, initially as an urban religion. At first it was banned by the authorities who were suspicious of its secrecy. The first Christian martyrs, in the fourth century in Wales were executed at the legionnaires' town of Caerleon (near present-day Newport in South Wales).

  8. Conquest of Wales by Edward I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I

    Caernarfon Castle, the "capital" of English rule in North Wales for two centuries after the conquest [38] From 1277, and particularly after 1283, Edward embarked on a policy of English colonisation and settlement of Wales, creating new towns like Flint, Aberystwyth and Rhuddlan. [39]

  9. Kingdom of Gwent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwent

    Gwent's existence as a separate kingdom again temporarily ended when Gruffydd ap Llywelyn won control of the area and Morgannŵg in 1055, so extending his rule over the whole of Wales. In 1056 Gruffyd ap Llywelyn campaigned from the vicinity of Monmouth with an army of Welsh, Saxons and Danes to defeat Ralph , Earl of Hereford , ravaging the ...