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The country of Georgia became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Throughout the early modern period, the Muslim Ottoman and Persian empires had fought over various fragmented Georgian kingdoms and principalities; by the 18th century, Russia emerged as the new imperial power in the region.
Russian suzerainty over Persia's traditionally eastern and southern Georgian ruled territories were nominally finalized in 1813 in the Treaty of Gulistan. In 1810, the kingdom of Imereti (Western Georgia) was annexed by the Russian Empire after the suppression of King Solomon II's resistance. [92]
The Russian Empire ended the slave trade by the Ottomans in western Georgia, which saved Georgia's shrinking population from demographic catastrophe. It also provided Georgia with means for a cultural revival, such as the Tiflis Imperial Theater , which was opened in 1852 and revitalized Georgia's long-abandoned theatrical tradition.
Georgia reached its Golden Age during the High Middle Ages under the reigns of King David IV and Queen Tamar. Beginning in the 15th century, the kingdom declined and disintegrated under pressure from various regional powers, including the Mongols, the Ottoman Empire, and Persia, before being gradually annexed into the Russian Empire starting in ...
Nonetheless, it was the agnatic seniority of the Mukhranbatoni’s descent from Georgia’s former kings, rather than the broken treaty, that Vladimir Kirilovich cited in a 1946 decree recognizing the Bagration-Mukhranskys as dynastic for marital purposes, [10] presumably so as to avoid repudiating the Russian Empire's annexation of Georgia.
During the 19th century, taking advantage of Georgia's defeat by the Iranians, the Russian Empire began to annex individual Georgian dominions over a 50-year period until all of Georgia was absorbed by the empire. Russia violated the Treaty of Georgievsk, occupying the Georgian Kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti in 1801 and the Kingdom of Imereti in 1810.
The Russian conquest of the Caucasus mainly occurred between 1800 and 1864. The Russian Empire sought to control the region between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea.South of the mountains was the territory that is modern Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Iran and Turkey.
Treaty of Gulistan signed between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire, ending the Russo-Iranian War of 1804–1813. Eastern Georgia officially ceded by the Iranians to Russia. 9 September 1829: David Gurieli was proclaimed deposed by the Russian authorities and Principality of Guria was directly annexed by Russian Empire. 1858