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Some ruthenium complexes are highly active catalysts for transfer hydrogenations (sometimes referred to as "borrowing hydrogen" reactions). Chiral ruthenium complexes, introduced by Ryoji Noyori , are employed for the enantioselective hydrogenation of ketones , aldehydes , and imines . [ 76 ]
Dichlorotris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) is a coordination complex of ruthenium. It is a chocolate brown solid that is soluble in organic solvents such as benzene . The compound is used as a precursor to other complexes including those used in homogeneous catalysis .
Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride. Grubbs' catalyst, which earned a Nobel Prize for its inventor, is used in alkene metathesis reactions. Ruthenium forms a variety of coordination complexes. Examples are the many pentaammine derivatives [Ru(NH 3) 5 L] n+ that often exist for both Ru(II) and Ru(III).
The reaction initially produces sodium diperiododihydroxoruthenate(VI), which then decomposes in acid solution to the tetroxide: [6] 8 Ru 3+ (aq) + 5 IO 4 − (aq) + 12 H 2 O(l) → 8 RuO 4 (s) + 5 I − (aq) + 24 H + (aq) [7] Due to its challenging reactivity, RuO 4 is always generated in situ and used in catalytic quantities, at least in ...
In the area of organic synthesis, a useful family of hydrogen-transfer catalysts have been developed based on ruthenium and rhodium complexes, often with diamine and phosphine ligands. [4] A representative catalyst precursor is derived from (cymene)ruthenium dichloride dimer and the tosylated diphenylethylenediamine.
The catalyst is traditionally isolated as a two pyridine complex, however one pyridine is lost upon dissolving and reversibly inhibits the ruthenium center throughout any chemical reaction. The principal application of the fast-initiating catalysts is as initiators for ring opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP).
Organoruthenium chemistry is the chemistry of organometallic compounds containing a carbon to ruthenium chemical bond.Several organoruthenium catalysts are of commercial interest [1] and organoruthenium compounds have been considered for cancer therapy. [2]
Commercial catalysts are often based on molybdenum and ruthenium. Well-defined organometallic compounds have mainly been investigated for small-scale reactions or in academic research. The homogeneous catalysts are often classified as Schrock catalysts and Grubbs catalysts.