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In organic chemistry, an imide is a functional group consisting of two acyl groups bound to nitrogen. [1] The compounds are structurally related to acid anhydrides , although imides are more resistant to hydrolysis.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
The inorganic imide is an inorganic chemical compound containing an anion with the chemical formula HN 2− , in which nitrogen atom is covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom (as in lithium imide Li 2 NH and calcium imide CaNH ).
Chemical structure of Kapton, a polyimide. Polyimide (sometimes abbreviated PI) is a polymer containing imide groups belonging to the class of high-performance plastics.With their high heat-resistance, polyimides enjoy diverse applications in roles demanding rugged organic materials, such as high temperature fuel cells, displays, and various military roles.
Folpet, a phthalimide, is a commercial fungicide. [3]Phthalimide is used as a precursor to anthranilic acid, a precursor to azo dyes and saccharin. [2]Alkyl phthalimides are useful precursors to amines in chemical synthesis, especially in peptide synthesis where they are used "to block both hydrogens and avoid racemization of the substrates". [4]
This white solid is used in a variety of organic syntheses, as well as in some industrial silver plating processes. The compound is classified as a cyclic imide. It may be prepared by thermal decomposition of ammonium succinate. [4]
Introduction of carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups increases the solubility of rylene dyes in water. The imide structure allows for two different substituents, so a single reactive group can be attached to this position. [2] The HOMO/LUMO levels of perylene diimide derivatives can easily be tuned via substitution at the bay position.