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Simultaneous interpretation (SI) is when an interpreter translates the message from the source language to the target language in real-time. [1] Unlike in consecutive interpreting , this way the natural flow of the speaker is not disturbed and allows for a fairly smooth output for the listeners.
The Interpretive Theory of Translation [1] (ITT) is a concept from the field of Translation Studies.It was established in the 1970s by Danica Seleskovitch, a French translation scholar and former Head of the Paris School of Interpreters and Translators (Ecole Supérieure d’Interprètes et de Traducteurs (ESIT), Université Paris 3 - Sorbonne Nouvelle).
She is also one of the founders and promotors of the so called Paris-school of interpreting which promotes interpreting into a mother tongue or L1. [ 16 ] Lederer is co-editor of Forum , an international journal of interpretation and translation, published by John Benjamins Publishing Company , member of the International Association of ...
Alan Gordon-Finlay trialling the Hush-A-Phone at the League of Nations, c. 1927 – ILO Historical Archives Nuremberg defendants at dock listening to simultaneous interpretation. Simultaneous interpretation (SI) has the disadvantage that if a person is performing the service the interpreter must do the best they can within the time permitted by ...
Simultaneous interpreting – a mode that confined the interpreters in glass-encased booths aided with earpieces and microphones – arose in the 1920s and 1930s when American businessman Edward Filene and British engineer A. Gordon-Finlay developed simultaneous interpretation equipment with IBM, [5] and was also used in the post-World War II ...
Interpreting notes are used by some interpreters, who re-express oral communications (such as speeches) in whole or in part. Such notes may be used when the interpreter is working in "consecutive mode." Interpreting notes are not part of any conventional graphic system, and practitioners are free to develop their own techniques.
Meaning is in constant flux because the practice of interpretation is continuously evolving, both on the individual and the societal level. So what meanings are assigned to the same thing may change a lot as time passes. For example, by learning a new word, a person starts to ascribe a new meaning to the corresponding sound.
For example, listening usually does not just happen, but is an active process involving listening skills and interpretation. [25] However, some forms of communication can be accurately described by them, such as many types of computer-mediated communication .
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