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  2. Punnett square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punnett_square

    The phenotype of a homozygous dominant pair is 'A', or dominant, while the opposite is true for homozygous recessive. Heterozygous pairs always have a dominant phenotype. [ 11 ] To a lesser degree, hemizygosity [ 12 ] and nullizygosity [ 13 ] can also be seen in gene pairs.

  3. Genotype - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype

    The genotype is commonly mixed up with the phenotype which describes the result of both the genetic and the environmental factors giving the observed expression (e.g. blue eyes, hair color, or various hereditary diseases).

  4. Genotype frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype_frequency

    In population genetics, the genotype frequency is the frequency or proportion (i.e., 0 < f < 1) of genotypes in a population. Although allele and genotype frequencies are related, it is important to clearly distinguish them.

  5. Runs of homozygosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runs_of_Homozygosity

    Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes that are present in an individual due to parents transmitting identical haplotypes to their offspring. [1] The potential of predicting or estimating individual autozygosity for a subpopulation is the proportion of the autosomal genome above a specified length, termed F ...

  6. Monohybrid cross - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monohybrid_cross

    Then carry out such a cross, each parent is chosen to be homozygous or true breeding for a given trait (locus). When a cross satisfies the conditions for a monohybrid cross, it is usually detected by a characteristic distribution of second-generation (F 2) offspring that is sometimes called the monohybrid ratio.

  7. Dominance (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominance_(genetics)

    When the red homozygous flower is paired with the white homozygous flower, the result yields a pink snapdragon flower. The pink snapdragon is the result of incomplete dominance. A similar type of incomplete dominance is found in the four o'clock plant wherein pink color is produced when true-bred parents of white and red flowers are crossed.

  8. X-linked recessive inheritance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-linked_recessive_inheritance

    X-linked recessive inheritance. X-linked recessive inheritance is a mode of inheritance in which a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be always expressed in males (who are necessarily hemizygous for the gene mutation because they have one X and one Y chromosome) and in females who are homozygous for the gene mutation (see zygosity).

  9. Zygosity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygosity

    Homozygous and heterozygous. Zygosity (the noun, zygote, is from the Greek zygotos "yoked," from zygon "yoke") (/ z aɪ ˈ ɡ ɒ s ɪ t i /) is the degree to which both copies of a chromosome or gene have the same genetic sequence. In other words, it is the degree of similarity of the alleles in an organism.