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Protein is a nutrient needed by the human body for growth and maintenance. Aside from water, proteins are the most abundant kind of molecules in the body. Protein can be found in all cells of the body and is the major structural component of all cells in the body, especially muscle. This also includes body organs, hair and skin.
A protein is a polyamide. Secondary structure: regularly repeating local structures stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The most common examples are the α-helix, β-sheet and turns. Because secondary structures are local, many regions of different secondary structure can be present in the same protein molecule.
Nutritional science. Nutritional science (also nutrition science, sometimes short nutrition, dated trophology[ 1 ]) is the science that studies the physiological process of nutrition (primarily human nutrition), interpreting the nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an ...
An essential amino acid, or indispensable amino acid, is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized from scratch by the organism fast enough to supply its demand, and must therefore come from the diet. Of the 21 amino acids common to all life forms, the nine amino acids humans cannot synthesize are valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine ...
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. [ 1 ] Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. [ 2 ] Only these 22 appear in the genetic code of life. [ 3 ][ 4 ]
Protein structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in an amino acid -chain molecule. Proteins are polymers – specifically polypeptides – formed from sequences of amino acids, which are the monomers of the polymer. A single amino acid monomer may also be called a residue, which indicates a repeating unit of a polymer.
Elements. The main elements that comprise the human body (including water) can be summarized as CHNOPS. About 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium.
Food chemistryis the study of chemicalprocesses and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. [1][2]The biological substances include such items as meat, poultry, lettuce, beer, milkas examples. It is similar to biochemistryin its main components such as carbohydrates, lipids, and protein, but it also includes areas ...