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Sinfonia (IPA: [siɱfoˈniːa]; plural sinfonie) is the Italian word for symphony, from the Latin symphonia, in turn derived from Ancient Greek συμφωνία symphōnia (agreement or concord of sound), from the prefix σύν (together) and Φωνή (sound).
The Symphony, Volume II: Elgar to the Present Day. Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-140-20773-6. Stainer, John, and Francis W Galpin. 1914. "Wind Instruments – Sumponyah; Sampunia; Sumphonia; Symphonia". In The Music of the Bible, with Some Account of the Development of Modern Musical Instruments from Ancient Types, new edition ...
Benjamin Britten's Cello Symphony and Ellen Taaffe Zwilich's Symphony No. 2 also showcase a solo cello within the context of a full-scale symphony. [citation needed] Peter Schickele as P. D. Q. Bach produced a spoof "Sinfonia Concertante" utilizing lute, balalaika, double reed slide music stand, ocarina, left-handed sewer flute, and bagpipes.
Sinfonia concertante – Composition for orchestra and a group of solo instruments, typically in symphony form. Performance by the Russian State Symphony Orchestra , 2020 Sonata – Composition for one or more solo instruments, typically structured in several movements.
Sinfonia antartica ("Antarctic Symphony") is the Italian title given by Ralph Vaughan Williams to his seventh symphony, first performed in 1953. It drew on incidental music the composer had written for the 1948 film Scott of the Antarctic .
Later, to avoid confusion with other types of sinfonia/symphony, the term Italian overture was used more frequently. The structure of the Italian overture/sinfonia was the base from which the classical multi-movement cycle - used in genres including the symphony , concerto , and sonata - developed around the middle of the 18th century.
Ildebrando Pizzetti (1880–1968), Italian composer of "Symphony in A" and "Sinfonia del fuoco" (from music for the silent film Cabiria) Béla Bartók (1881–1945), Hungarian composer of unfinished Symphony in E flat major (1902) Only scherzo finished,completed by Denijs Dille
Just as the term symphony itself can refer to pieces of music of varied size and scope, it is difficult to identify common criteria which pieces called sinfonietta share. Many of the sinfoniettas listed on this page employ larger forces and/or are longer than pieces designated symphonies, sometimes even by the same composer.