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Shoulder impingement syndrome is a syndrome involving tendonitis (inflammation of tendons) of the rotator cuff muscles as they pass through the subacromial space, the passage beneath the acromion. It is particularly associated with tendonitis of the supraspinatus muscle. [1] This can result in pain, weakness, and loss of movement at the ...
The Hawkins-Kennedy test [11] [12] has a sensitivity of approximately 80% to 90% for detecting impingement. The infraspinatus and supraspinatus [13] tests have a specificity of 80% to 90%. [10] A common cause of shoulder pain in rotator cuff impingement syndrome is tendinosis, which is an age-related and most often self-limiting condition. [14]
Biceps tendinitis or subluxation of the biceps tendon can normally be addressed by palpating the long head of the biceps tendon in the bicipital groove. [2] The patient will exhibit a pain response, snapping or both in the bicipital groove. Pain with no associated popping might indicate bicipital tendinopathy.
Tendinopathy is a type of tendon disorder that results in pain, swelling, and impaired function. [2] The pain is typically worse with movement. [2] It most commonly occurs around the shoulder (rotator cuff tendinitis, biceps tendinitis), elbow (tennis elbow, golfer's elbow), wrist, hip, knee (jumper's knee, popliteus tendinopathy), or ankle (Achilles tendinitis).
When the rotator cuff tendon becomes inflamed and thickened, it may get trapped under the acromion. Squeezing of the rotator cuff is called impingement syndrome. [citation needed] An inflamed bursa is called bursitis. Tendinitis and impingement syndrome are often accompanied by inflammation of the bursa sacs that protect the shoulder.
Biceps tenotomy and tenodesis are often performed concomitantly with rotator cuff repair or as separate procedures, and can also cause shoulder pain. Tenodesis, which may be performed as an arthroscopic or open procedure, generally restores pain free motion it the biceps tendon, or attached portion of the labrum, but can cause pain.
Complications can include fracture of the humerus or biceps tendon rupture. [2] The cause in most cases is unknown. [1] The condition can also occur after injury or surgery to the shoulder. [2] Risk factors include diabetes and thyroid disease. [1] [4] [5] The underlying mechanism involves inflammation and scarring.
Neer test for subacromial impingement The Neer impingement test is a test designed to reproduce symptoms of rotator cuff impingement through flexing the shoulder and pressure application. Symptoms should be reproduced if there is a problem with the supraspinatus or biceps brachii. [ 1 ]