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The Ziggurat (or Great Ziggurat) of Ur (Sumerian: ππΌπ π é-temen-ní-gùru "Etemenniguru", [3] meaning "temple whose foundation creates aura") [4] is a Neo-Sumerian ziggurat in what was the city of Ur near Nasiriyah, in present-day Dhi Qar Province, Iraq.
Enthroned King Ur-Nammu, founder of the Third Dynasty of Ur c. 2047 BC, on a cylinder seal. [3] His name appears vertically in the upper right corner (π¨ππ). Ur-Nammu rose to prominence as a warrior-king when he crushed the ruler of Lagash in battle, killing the king himself. After this battle, Ur-Nammu seems to have earned the title ...
Ur-Nammu's ziggurat at Ur was designed as a three-stage construction, but today only two of these survive. This entire mudbrick core structure was originally given a facing of baked brick envelope set in bitumen, 2.5 m on the first lowest stage, and 1.15 m on the second. Each of these baked bricks were stamped with the name of the king.
Finally, the Elamites sack Ur and the third dynasty comes to an end. [3] c. 2100–2000 BC: Epic poetry is written in the Sumerian language, including the Epic of Gilgamesh. [4] In Chalcolithic Europe, the two circles of bluestones that form the inner part of Stonehenge are erected. [5] Shahr-e Sukhteh, "The Burnt City" in Persia, is abandoned. [6]
Painted pottery vessel from Eridu (Tell Abu Shahrain), Iraq. 3500-2800 BCE. Iraq Museum, Baghdad. Eridu is one of the earliest settlements in the region, founded c. 5400 BC during the early Ubaid period, at that time close to the Persian Gulf near the mouth of the Euphrates, although in modern times it is about 90 miles inland. Excavation has ...
'Temple of the Foundation of Heaven and Earth') was a ziggurat dedicated to the Mesopotamian god Marduk in the ancient city of Babylon. It now exists only in ruins, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of Baghdad, Iraq. Many scholars have identified Etemenanki as the ziggurat for the biblical account of the Tower of Babel. [1] [2]
The tutelary god of Borsippa in the Ur III Empire in the late 3rd millennium BC was Tutu, who was syncretised with the god Marduk after the Old Babylonian period. Tutu was mentioned in the prologue of the Code of Hammurabi as the god of Borsippa. [1] The goddesses Marat-E-zida and the god Mar-biti were also worshiped at Borsippa. [2]
The first dynasty of Ur (abbreviated Ur I) was a dynasty of rulers from the city of Ur in ancient Sumer who reigned c. 2600 – c. 2340 BC. Ur I is part of the Early Dynastic III period of ancient Mesopotamia. [1] It was preceded by the earlier First Dynasty of Kish and the First Dynasty of Uruk. [2]