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The moisture content of firewood determines how it burns and how much heat is released. Unseasoned (green) wood moisture content varies by the species; green wood may weigh 70 to 100 percent more than seasoned wood due to water content. Typically, seasoned (dry) wood has 20% or less moisture content.
The burning of wood results in about 6–10% ashes on average. [2] The residue ash of 0.43 and 1.82 percent of the original mass of burned wood (assuming dry basis, meaning that H 2 O is driven off) is produced for certain woods if it is pyrolized until all volatiles disappear and it is burned at 350 °C (662 °F) for 8 hours.
Wood drying (also seasoning lumber or wood seasoning) reduces the moisture content of wood before its use. When the drying is done in a kiln , the product is known as kiln-dried timber or lumber , whereas air drying is the more traditional method.
Today, burning of wood is the largest use of energy derived from a solid fuel biomass. Wood fuel can be used for cooking and heating, and occasionally for fueling steam engines and steam turbines that generate electricity. Wood may be used indoors in a furnace, stove, or fireplace, or outdoors in furnace, campfire, or bonfire.
More than 100 firewood banks exist nationwide — a number that U.S. Forestry officials say is growing as more Americans struggle with energy bills. "There's more of a need. There's more of a need ...
Further drying of the wood results in strengthening of the wood fibres, [1] and is usually accompanied by shrinkage. Wood is normally dried to a point where it is in equilibrium with the atmospheric moisture content or relative humidity, and since this varies so does the equilibrium moisture content. Laboratory testing has found the average FSP ...
Green wood is considered to have 100% moisture content relative to air-dried or seasoned wood, which is considered to be 20%. Energy density charts for wood fuels tend to use air dried wood as their reference, thus oven dried or 0% moisture content can reflect 103.4% energy content.
A controlled burn or prescribed burn (Rx burn) is the practice of intentionally setting a fire to change the assemblage of vegetation and decaying material in a landscape. The purpose could be for forest management , ecological restoration , land clearing or wildfire fuel management.