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This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison. As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium.
Molten cryolite is used as a solvent for aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3) in the Hall–Héroult process, used in the refining of aluminium. It decreases the melting point of aluminium oxide from 2000–2500 °C to 900–1000 °C, and increases its conductivity [ 18 ] thus making the extraction of aluminium more economical.
The majority of aluminium fluoride is produced by treating alumina with hydrogen fluoride at 700 °C: [4] Hexafluorosilicic acid may also be used make aluminium fluoride. [11] H 2 [SiF 6] + Al 2 O 3 + 3 H 2 O → 2 AlF 3 + SiO 2 + 4 H 2 O. Alternatively, it is manufactured by thermal decomposition of ammonium hexafluoroaluminate. [12]
Sodium fluorosilicate is used in some countries as additives for water fluoridation, opal glass raw material, ore refining, or other fluoride chemical (like sodium fluoride, magnesium silicofluoride, cryolite, aluminum fluoride) production. [5] It also is an ingredient in some ceramic cements.
Aluminium smelting process: cryolite (a fluoride) is required to dissolve aluminum oxide. One third of HF (one sixth of mined fluorine) is used to make synthetic cryolite (sodium hexafluoroaluminate) and aluminium trifluoride. These compounds are used in the electrolysis of aluminium by the Hall–Héroult process. About 23 kg (51 lb) are ...
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is an inorganic compound with formula Na 3 Al F 6. This white solid, discovered in 1799 by Peder Christian Abildgaard (1740–1801), [4] [5] occurs naturally as the mineral cryolite and is used extensively in the industrial production of aluminium. The compound is the sodium (Na +) salt of the hexafluoroaluminate (AlF ...
aluminium bromide hexahydrate: 7784–11–4 Al(CHO 2) 3: aluminium formate: 7360–53–4 AlCl 3: aluminium chloride: 7446–70–0 AlCl 3 •6H 2 O: aluminium chloride hexahydrate: 7784–13–6 AlF 3: aluminium fluoride: 7784–18–1 AlI 3: aluminium iodide: 7784–23–8 AlN: aluminium nitride: 24304–00–5 Al(NO 3) 3: aluminium nitrate ...
Activated alumina is manufactured from aluminium hydroxide by dehydroxylating it in a way that produces a highly porous material; this material can have a surface area significantly over 200 m 2 /g. The compound is used as a desiccant (to keep things dry by adsorbing water from the air) and as a filter of fluoride , arsenic and selenium in ...