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Altar at the traditional site of Golgotha The altar at the traditional site of Golgotha Chapel of Mount Calvary, painted by Luigi Mayer. The English names Calvary and Golgotha derive from the Vulgate Latin Calvariae, Calvariae locus and locum (all meaning "place of the Skull" or "a Skull"), and Golgotha used by Jerome in his translations of Matthew 27:33, [2] Mark 15:22, [3] Luke 23:33, [4 ...
The three steps below the Cross represent Golgotha, symbolically referring to the death of Jesus, also the three decks of the Ark and the ascent to Mt. Sinai. Finally, the dove above the cross represents the Holy Spirit , the third person of the Holy Trinity according to the Christian tradition.
The Koine Greek terms used in the New Testament of the structure on which Jesus died are stauros (σταυρός) and xylon (ξύλον).These words, which can refer to many different things, do not indicate the precise shape of the structure; scholars have long known that the Greek word stauros and the Latin word crux did not uniquely mean a cross, but could also be used to refer to one, and ...
A cross with a figure of Christ affixed to it is termed a crucifix and the figure is often referred to as the corpus (Latin for "body"). The term Greek cross designates a cross with arms of equal length, as in a plus sign, while the Latin cross designates a cross with an elongated descending arm.
The Russian Orthodox cross has three horizontal crossbeams, with the lowest one slanted downwards. Today it is a symbol of the Russian Orthodox Church [2] [3] [4] and a distinctive feature of the cultural landscape of Russia. [5] Other names for the symbol include the Russian cross, and Slavonic or Suppedaneum cross.
Between the Catholic Altar of the Nailing to the Cross and the Orthodox altar is the Catholic Altar of the Stabat Mater, [81] which has a statue of Mary with an 18th-century bust; this middle altar marks the 13th Station of the Cross. [80] On the ground floor, just underneath the Golgotha chapel, is the Chapel of Adam. [80]
Andrea di Bartolo, Way to Calvary, c. 1400.The cluster of halos at the left are the Virgin Mary in front, with the Three Marys. Sebastiano del Piombo, about 1513–14. Christ Carrying the Cross on his way to his crucifixion is an episode included in the Gospel of John, and a very common subject in art, especially in the fourteen Stations of the Cross, sets of which are now found in almost all ...
Christ Crucified by Giotto, c. 1310. According to Christian tradition, the True Cross is the real cross on which Jesus of Nazareth was crucified.. It is related by numerous historical accounts and legends that Helen, the mother of Roman emperor Constantine the Great, recovered the True Cross at the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, when she travelled to the Holy Land in the years 326–328.