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Societal and cultural aspects of autism or sociology of autism [1] come into play with recognition of autism, approaches to its support services and therapies, and how autism affects the definition of personhood. [2] The autistic community is divided primarily into two camps: the autism rights movement and the pathology paradigm.
It discusses the history of autism and autism advocacy, including issues such as the Refrigerator mother theory and the possibility of an autism epidemic. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Donald Triplett , the first person diagnosed with autism, and [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] psychiatrist Leo Kanner are also covered, as is the ongoing [ 6 ] debate concerning the ...
1948 – The National Paraplegia Foundation, founded by members of the Paralyzed Veterans of America as the civilian arm of their growing movement, took a leading role in advocating for disability rights. [3] 1948 – The University of Illinois at Galesburg disabled students' program was officially founded, and was directed by Timothy Nugent ...
The pathology paradigm is the traditional view of autism through a biomedical lens, in which it is seen as a disorder characterized by various impairments, mainly in communication and social interaction. [34] [35] Those taking this perspective believe that autism is generally a harmful dysfunction. [33]
Autism rights movement advocates strive for widespread acceptance of people with autism, as well as the traits and behaviors (e.g. stimming, lack of eye contact, and special interests) associated with autism, for autistic people to socialize on their own terms, [7] and to mitigate the double empathy problem.
NeuroTribes: The Legacy of Autism and the Future of Neurodiversity is a book by Steve Silberman that discusses autism and neurodiversity [1] from historic, scientific, and advocacy-based perspectives. NeuroTribes was awarded the Samuel Johnson Prize in 2015, [2] [3] and has received wide acclaim from both the scientific and the popular press.
1987 saw America's National Association for Autistic Children became the Autism Society of America. [187] A new national French autism organisation, Autisme France , was founded in February 1989. [403] Representative organisation Autism South Africa (A;SA) [404] was founded in 1989 by concerned parents and professionals. [405]
For instance, according to Larry Arnold and Gwen Nelson, many autism-related organizations promote feelings of pity for parents, rather than fostering understanding. [4] [5] Autistic activists have contributed to a shift in attitudes away from the notion that autism is a deviation from the norm that must be treated or cured. Autistic self ...