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A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate. Formation of ethyl glucoside: Glucose and ethanol combine to form ethyl glucoside and water. The reaction often favors formation of the α-glycosidic bond as shown due to the ...
In formal terms, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides can be linked by an O- (an O-glycoside), N- (a glycosylamine), S- (a thioglycoside), or C- (a C-glycoside) glycosidic bond. According to the IUPAC, the name " C -glycoside" is a misnomer ...
Reducing disaccharides like lactose and maltose have only one of their two anomeric carbons involved in the glycosidic bond, while the other is free and can convert to an open-chain form with an aldehyde group. The aldehyde functional group allows the sugar to act as a reducing agent, for example, in the Tollens' test or Benedict's test.
Carbohydrate synthesis is a sub-field of organic chemistry concerned with generating complex carbohydrate structures from simple units (monosaccharides) through natural or unnatural processes. The generation of carbohydrate structures involves linking glycosyl groups like monosaccharides or oligosaccharides through glycosidic bonds is called ...
Most glycosyltransferase enzymes form one of two folds: GT-A or GT-B. Glycosyltransferases (GTFs, Gtfs) are enzymes that establish natural glycosidic linkages.They catalyze the transfer of saccharide moieties from an activated nucleotide sugar (also known as the "glycosyl donor") to a nucleophilic glycosyl acceptor molecule, the nucleophile of which can be oxygen- carbon-, nitrogen-, or sulfur ...
Glycosylation is the reaction in which a carbohydrate (or ' glycan '), i.e. a glycosyl donor, is attached to a hydroxyl or other functional group of another molecule (a glycosyl acceptor) in order to form a glycoconjugate. In biology (but not always in chemistry), glycosylation usually refers to an enzyme-catalysed reaction, whereas glycation ...
The term glycosynthase refers to a class of proteins that have been engineered to catalyze the formation of a glycosidic bond. Glycosynthase are derived from glycosidase enzymes, which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds. [ 2 ] They were traditionally formed from retaining glycosidase by mutating the active site nucleophilic amino acid ...
β-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.2, saccharogen amylase, glycogenase) is an enzyme with the systematic name 4-α-D-glucan maltohydrolase. [2][3][4] It catalyses the following reaction: This enzyme acts on starch, glycogen and related polysaccharides and oligosaccharides producing beta- maltose by an inversion. Beta-amylase is found in bacteria, fungi, and ...