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Haptoglobin (abbreviated as Hp) is the protein that in humans is encoded by the HP gene. [5][6] In blood plasma, haptoglobin binds with high affinity to free hemoglobin [7] released from erythrocytes, and thereby inhibits its deleterious oxidative activity. Compared to Hp, hemopexin binds to free heme. [8]
Symptoms of hemolytic anemia are similar to the general signs of anemia.[2] General signs and symptoms include fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and tachycardia.[2] In small children, failure to thrivemay occur in any form of anemia. [6][7]In addition, symptoms related to hemolysis may be present such as chills, jaundice, dark urine, and an ...
Positive acute-phase proteins serve (as part of the innate immune system) different physiological functions within the immune system.Some act to destroy or inhibit growth of microbes, e.g., C-reactive protein, mannose-binding protein, [3] complement factors, ferritin, ceruloplasmin, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin.
These early symptoms can include diarrhea (which is often bloody), stomach cramps, mild fever, [10] or vomiting that results in dehydration and reduced urine. [9] HUS typically develops about 5–10 days after the first symptoms, but can take up to 3 weeks to manifest, and occurs at a time when the diarrhea is improving. [ 10 ]
Type of jaundice. Hemolytic jaundice, also known as prehepatic jaundice, is a type of jaundicearising from hemolysisor excessive destruction of red blood cells, when the byproduct bilirubinis not excreted by the hepaticcells quickly enough.[1] Unless the patient is concurrently affected by hepatic dysfunctions or is experiencing hepatocellular ...
Hemoglobinemia (or haemoglobinaemia) is a medical condition in which there is an excess of hemoglobin in the blood plasma. This is an effect of intravascular hemolysis, in which hemoglobin separates from red blood cells, a form of anemia. Hemoglobinemia can be caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. When hemoglobinemia is internally caused ...
Electrophoresis is a laboratory technique in which the blood serum (the fluid portion of the blood after the blood has clotted) is applied to either an acetate membrane soaked in a liquid buffer, [3] or to a buffered agarose gel matrix, or into liquid in a capillary tube, and exposed to an electric current to separate the serum protein ...
v. t. e. Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry ...