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Islamic philosophy refers to philosophy produced in an Islamic society. As it is not necessarily concerned with religious issues, nor exclusively produced by Muslims, [ 3 ] many scholars prefer the term "Arabic philosophy." [ 4 ] Islamic philosophy is a generic term that can be defined and used in different ways.
His major work is the Durrat al-taj li-ghurratt al-Dubaj (Pearly Crown) which is an Encyclopedic work on philosophy including philosophical views on natural sciences, theology, logic, public affairs, ethnics, mysticism, astronomy, mathematics, arithmetic and music. [ 60 ] Ibn Sabin. Andalusia. (Spain) 1236–1269.
Al-Ghazali was born in c.1058 in Tus, then part of the Seljuk Empire. [ 50 ] He was a Muslim scholar, law specialist, rationalist, and spiritualist of Persian descent. [ 51 ][ 52 ] He was born in Tabaran, a town in the district of Tus, Khorasan (now part of Iran), [ 50 ] not long after Seljuks entered Baghdad and ended Shia Buyid Amir al-umaras.
Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE). The period is known as the Islamic Golden Age, and the achievements of this period had a crucial ...
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (full name: أبو بکر محمد بن زکریاء الرازي, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakariyyāʾ al-Rāzī), [ a ]c.864 or 865–925 or 935 CE, [ b ] often known as (al-)Razi or by his Latin name Rhazes, also rendered Rhasis, was a Persian physician, philosopher and alchemist who lived during the Islamic Golden Age ...
Abu al-'Ala' was born in December 973 in al-Ma'arra (present-day Ma'arrat al-Nu'man, Syria), southwest of Aleppo, whence his nisba ("al-Ma'arri"). At his time, the city was part of the Abbasid Caliphate, the third Islamic caliphate, during the Islamic Golden Age. [ 8 ] He was a member of the Banu Sulayman, a notable family of Ma'arra, belonging ...
Al-Kindi (d. 873)—considered to be among the first Arab philosophers, he combined the ideology of Aristotle and Plato; Maslama al-Majriti (950–1007)—Arab mathematician and astronomer who translated Greek texts; Hunayn ibn Ishaq (809–873)—Arab (Nestorian Christian) scholar and philosopher who was placed in charge of the House of Wisdom ...
Alchemy in the medieval Islamic world refers to both traditional alchemy and early practical chemistry (the early chemical investigation of nature in general) by Muslim scholars in the medieval Islamic world. The word alchemy was derived from the Arabic word كيمياء or kīmiyāʾ[1][2] and may ultimately derive from the ancient Egyptian ...