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Club mosses are low evergreen herbs with needlelike or scalelike leaves. Many species have conelike clusters of small leaves (strobili), each with a kidney-shaped spore capsule at its base. The plants are homosporous, meaning that they produce just one kind of spore. They have terrestrial or subterranean gametophytes that vary in size and shape ...
A common club moss of the Adirondacks: bristly club moss, Lycopodium annotinum. Note the terminal spore producing strobili and the stems with little branching.
Like ferns, club mosses are seedless plants, which means they reproduce by releasing a large number of extremely tiny spores. In some species, the spores are released from club-shaped structures that give the plants their nickname (visible on the specimen above).
Club Moss, unlike its seed-bearing cousins, disperses spores to kick off the propagation party. To collect, wait for the spore-bearing heads, or sori, to turn brown—nature's little sign that they're ripe.
Ferns, club mosses, horsetails, and whisk ferns are seedless vascular plants that reproduce with spores and are found in moist environments. Learning Objectives Identify types of seedless vascular plants
Huperzia is one of a few club mosses that does not bear its spores in clubs. In late summer you can see tiny yellow bodies in the axils of the leaves, each one a sporangium that will release its spores.
Lycopodiopsida is a class of vascular plants also known as lycopods or lycophytes. Members of the class are also called clubmosses, firmosses, spikemosses and quillworts. They have dichotomously branching stems bearing simple leaves called microphylls and reproduce by means of spores borne in sporangia on the sides of the stems at the bases of ...
Club mosses (Class Lycopodiopsida) represent the oldest living lineage of vascular plants. Club mosses are not true mosses due to the presence of tracheids: elongated, hollow cells with pits concentrated at the ends which allow transportation of water to cells higher up in the plant that is allowed by capillary action alone.
In many species of club mosses, club-like projections or “candles” held above the small leaved, conifer-like stems are known as strobili (strobilus, singular form) and have structures called sporangia (sporangium). In other species, the sporangia are formed on certain leaves of the plant.
Haploid spores grow into bisexual gametophytes in Lycopodium. In Selaginella, microspores develop into microgametophytes that produce sperm and megaspores develop into megagametophytes that produce eggs. Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): A club moss, genus Lycopodium. The upright, yellowish structures are developing strobili.