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  2. Simmons–Smith reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmons–Smith_reaction

    The Simmons–Smith reaction is an organic cheletropic reaction involving an organozinc carbenoid that reacts with an alkene (or alkyne) to form a cyclopropane. [1][2][3] It is named after Howard Ensign Simmons, Jr. and Ronald D. Smith. It uses a methylene free radical intermediate that is delivered to both carbons of the alkene simultaneously ...

  3. Mannich reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannich_reaction

    In organic chemistry, the Mannich reaction is a three-component organic reaction that involves the amino alkylation of an acidic proton next to a carbonyl (C=O) functional group by formaldehyde (H−CHO) and a primary or secondary amine (−NH2) or ammonia (NH3). [ 1 ] The final product is a β-amino-carbonyl compound also known as a Mannich base.

  4. Nitration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitration

    In organic chemistry, nitration is a general class of chemical processes for the introduction of a nitro group (−NO 2) into an organic compound.The term also is applied incorrectly to the different process of forming nitrate esters (−ONO 2) between alcohols and nitric acid (as occurs in the synthesis of nitroglycerin).

  5. Quaternary ammonium cation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary_ammonium_cation

    Quaternary ammonium cation. The R groups may be the same or different alkyl or aryl groups. Also, the R groups may be connected. In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR 4] +, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group [1] or organyl group.

  6. Organic reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_reaction

    Organic chemistry has a strong tradition of naming a specific reaction to its inventor or inventors and a long list of so-called named reactions exists, conservatively estimated at 1000. A very old named reaction is the Claisen rearrangement (1912) and a recent named reaction is the Bingel reaction (1993).

  7. Organic chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_chemistry

    v. t. e. Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms. [ 1 ] Study of structure determines their structural formula.

  8. Hexose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexose

    In chemistry, a hexose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) with six carbon atoms. [1][2] The chemical formula for all hexoses is C6H12O6, and their molecular weight is 180.156 g/mol. [3] Hexoses exist in two forms, open-chain or cyclic, that easily convert into each other in aqueous solutions. [4] The open-chain form of a hexose, which usually ...

  9. Claisen condensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claisen_condensation

    claisen-condensation. RSC ontology ID. RXNO:0000043. The Claisen condensation is a carbon–carbon bond forming reaction that occurs between two esters or one ester and another carbonyl compound in the presence of a strong base. The reaction produces a β-keto ester or a β- diketone. [1] It is named after Rainer Ludwig Claisen, who first ...

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