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[44] [45] On the eve of the American Revolution, North Carolina was the fastest-growing British colony in North America. The small family farms of Piedmont contrasted sharply with the plantation economy of the coastal region, where wealthy planters had established a slave society, growing tobacco and rice with slave labor.
The Province of North Carolina, originally known as Albemarle Province, was a proprietary colony and later royal colony of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712 to 1776. [ 2 ] (p. 80) It was one of the five Southern colonies and one of the thirteen American colonies .
In 1729, the king formally revoked Carolina's colonial charter and established both North Carolina and South Carolina as crown colonies. [30] In the 1730s, Parliamentarian James Oglethorpe proposed that the area south of the Carolinas be colonized with the "worthy poor" of England to provide an alternative to the overcrowded debtors' prisons.
Settlers in the Carolina Colony established two main population centers, with many Virginians settling in the north of the province and many English Barbadians settling in the southern port city of Charles Town. [44] In 1712, Carolina was divided into the crown colonies of North Carolina and South Carolina. [45]
In 1665, The Carolina Charter established the colony of Carolina under a rule of landowners called the Lord Proprietors. Carolina under its original name Carolana included the territory of modern North and South Carolina. [20] Early organized English towns in North Carolina include Elizabeth City and Edenton.
10. Williamsburg, Virginia (1632) Williamsburg was founded in 1632 and originally known as Middle Plantation, a fortified settlement strategically built between the James and York rivers on high ...
Because of the difficulty of governing the entire colony from Charles Town, the colony was eventually divided and North Carolina was established as a royal colony in 1729 and was one of the Thirteen Colonies.
In 1712, the two provinces became separate colonies, the colony of North Carolina (formerly Albemarle province) and the colony of South Carolina (formerly Clarendon province). [19] Carolina was the first of three colonies in North America settled by the English to have a comprehensive plan.