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Pitirim Sorokin defines horizontal mobility as a change in religious, regional, political, or other horizontal shifts without any change in vertical position. [ 2] According to Andrew W. Lind, horizontal mobility occurs when a person changes their profession, but their social status remains unchanged. Eg. if a doctor switches from a job in ...
Economic mobility is the ability of an individual, family or some other group to improve (or lower) their economic status—usually measured in income. Economic mobility is often measured by movement between income quintiles. Economic mobility may be considered a type of social mobility, which is often measured in change in income.
Marketing. Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion or through mergers and acquisitions. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market ...
Pancasila economics ( Indonesian: Ekonomi Pancasila ), also known as " Indonesian populist economics " ( Indonesian: Ekonomi kerakyatan Indonesia ), is an economic system which aims to reflect the five principles of Pancasila. [1] The term "Pancasila economy" first appeared in an article by Emil Salim in 1967. [2]
Indifference curve. In economics, an indifference curve connects points on a graph representing different quantities of two goods, points between which a consumer is indifferent. That is, any combinations of two products indicated by the curve will provide the consumer with equal levels of utility, and the consumer has no preference for one ...
Marxism–Leninism. Soviet-type economic planning ( STP) is the specific model of centralized planning employed by Marxist–Leninist socialist states modeled on the economy of the Soviet Union (USSR). The post- perestroika analysis of the system of the Soviet economic planning describes it as the administrative-command system due to the de ...
Social mobility is the movement of individuals, families, households or other categories of people within or between social strata in a society. [ 1] It is a change in social status relative to one's current social location within a given society. This movement occurs between layers or tiers in an open system of social stratification.
Brazilian rescue teams Saturday retrieved the remains of all 62 passengers from the wreckage of a plane crash in Sao Paulo state as families started gathering in the metropolis to identify and ...