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An alternative fuel vehicle is a motor vehicle that runs on alternative fuel rather than traditional petroleum fuels ( petrol or petrodiesel ). The term also refers to any technology (e.g. electric cars, hybrid electric vehicles, solar-powered vehicles) powering an engine that does not solely involve petroleum. [citation needed]
A Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) utilizes compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an alternative fuel source. Distinguished from autogas vehicles fueled by liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), NGV's rely on methane combustion, resulting in cleaner emissions due to the removal of contaminants from the natural gas source.
A power-to-methane system combines hydrogen from a power-to-hydrogen system with carbon dioxide to produce methane [37] (see natural gas) using a methanation reaction such as the Sabatier reaction or biological methanation resulting in an extra energy conversion loss of 8%, [citation needed] the methane may then be fed into the natural gas grid ...
Water injection has been used in both reciprocating and turbine aircraft engines. In a reciprocating engine, the use of water injection, also called anti-detonation injection or ADI, is used to prevent engine knocking also known as "detonation". [ 3] Commonly found on large radial engines with pressure carburetors, it is a mixture of water and ...
Bi-fuel vehicles are vehicles with multifuel engines capable of running on two fuels. The two fuels are stored in separate tanks and the engine runs on one fuel at a time. On internal combustion engines, a bi-fuel engine typically burns gasoline and a volatile alternate fuel such as natural gas (CNG), LPG, or hydrogen. [ 1]
As of 2017, there were more than 21 million E85 flex-fuel vehicles in the United States, [ 1] up from about 11 million flex-fuel cars and light trucks in operation as of early 2013. [ 20][ 21] The number of flex-fuel vehicles on U.S roads increased from 1.4 million in 2001, to 4.1 million in 2005, and rose to 7.3 million in 2008. [ 3][ 19] E85 ...
Methanol reformer. A methanol reformer is a device used in chemical engineering, especially in the area of fuel cell technology, which can produce pure hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide by reacting a methanol and water (steam) mixture. Methanol is transformed into hydrogen and carbon dioxide by pressure and heat and interaction with a catalyst.
Fuel cell vehicle. A fuel cell vehicle ( FCV) or fuel cell electric vehicle ( FCEV) is an electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell, sometimes in combination with a small battery or supercapacitor, to power its onboard electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen.