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  2. Modular arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic

    Adding 4 hours to 9 o'clock gives 1 o'clock, since 13 is congruent to 1 modulo 12. In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" when reaching a certain value, called the modulus. The modern approach to modular arithmetic was developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss in his book Disquisitiones ...

  3. Q (number format) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(number_format)

    Q (number format) The Q notation is a way to specify the parameters of a binary fixed point number format. For example, in Q notation, the number format denoted by Q8.8 means that the fixed point numbers in this format have 8 bits for the integer part and 8 bits for the fraction part. A number of other notations have been used for the same purpose.

  4. Transposition, docking, and extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposition,_docking...

    Transposition, docking, and extraction (often abbreviated to transposition and docking) was a maneuver performed during Apollo lunar landing missions from 1969 to 1972, to withdraw the Apollo Lunar Module (LM) from its adapter housing which secured it to the Saturn V launch vehicle upper stage and protected it from the aerodynamic stresses of launch.

  5. Multiplicative group of integers modulo n - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative_group_of...

    In modular arithmetic, the integers coprime (relatively prime) to n from the set of n non-negative integers form a group under multiplication modulo n, called the multiplicative group of integers modulo n. Equivalently, the elements of this group can be thought of as the congruence classes, also known as residues modulo n, that are coprime to n .

  6. Module (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Module_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a ring. The concept of module also generalizes the notion of abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers . Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar ...

  7. Further Mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Further_Mathematics

    Further Mathematics, as studied within the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme, was a Higher Level (HL) course that could be taken in conjunction with Mathematics HL or on its own. It consisted of studying all four of the options in Mathematics HL, plus two additional topics. Topics studied in Further Mathematics included: [ 9] Topic ...

  8. Ruling could permit a new reservoir for the water-starved ...

    www.aol.com/news/ruling-could-permit-reservoir...

    A court ruling could permit the construction of a new reservoir to feed the water-starved Panama Canal, but the project might take six years to build, the managers of the waterway said Monday. The ...

  9. Order of operations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_operations

    Order of operations. In mathematicsand computer programming, the order of operationsis a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which operations to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression. These rules are formalized with a ranking of the operations. The rank of an operation is called its precedence, and an ...