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  2. El Niño–Southern Oscillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Niño–Southern...

    The Southern Oscillation is the atmospheric component of El Niño. This component is an oscillation in surface air pressure between the tropical eastern and the western Pacific Ocean waters. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation is a single climate phenomenon that periodically fluctuates between three phases: Neutral, La Niña or El Niño. [ 12]

  3. 2014–2016 El Niño event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014–2016_El_Niño_event

    The Pacific Ocean and surrounding areas. The 2014–2016 El Niño was the strongest El Niño event on record, with unusually warm waters developing between the coast of South America and the International Date Line. These unusually warm waters influenced the world's weather in a number of ways, which in turn significantly affected various parts ...

  4. 2023–2024 El Niño event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023–2024_El_Niño_event

    The Pacific Ocean and surrounding areas. The 2023–2024 El Niño was regarded as the fourth-most powerful El Niño–Southern Oscillation event in recorded history, resulting in widespread droughts, flooding and other natural disasters across the globe. The onset was declared on 4 July 2023 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) [ 1 ...

  5. Effects of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation in the United ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_the_El_Niño...

    The El Niño–Southern Oscillation affects the location of the jet stream, which alters rainfall patterns across the West, Midwest, the Southeast, and throughout the tropics. The shift in the jet stream also leads to shifts in the occurrence of severe weather, and the number of tropical cyclones expected within the tropics in the Atlantic and ...

  6. Effects of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation in Australia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_the_El_Niño...

    The Southern Oscillation is the atmospheric component of El Niño. This component is an oscillation in surface air pressure between the tropical eastern and the western Pacific Ocean waters. The strength of the Southern Oscillation is measured by the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The SOI is computed from fluctuations in the surface air ...

  7. 1982–83 El Niño event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982–83_El_Niño_event

    1982–83 El Niño event. This is a map of the Pacific Ocean during the 1982-1983 winter, showing the significant warm sea surface temperature anomaly present during this event. The 1982–1983 El Niño event was one of the strongest El Niño events since records were kept. It led to droughts in Indonesia and Australia, widespread flooding ...

  8. 2016–17 South American floods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016–17_South_American...

    2017 South America floods. The most impacted areas in Ecuador and Peru. From December 2016 and continuing until May 2017, much of western and central South America was plagued by persistent heavy rain events. In Peru, one of the most severely impacted nations, it has been referred to as the 2017 Coastal Niño ( Spanish: El Niño costero de 2017 ).

  9. Walker circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walker_circulation

    The Walker circulation, also known as the Walker cell, is a conceptual model of the air flow in the tropics in the lower atmosphere ( troposphere ). According to this model, parcels of air follow a closed circulation in the zonal and vertical directions. This circulation, which is roughly consistent with observations, is caused by differences ...