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Yellow circle indicates the left venous angle. The venous angle (also known as Pirogoff's angle and in Latin as angulus venosus) is the junction where the ipsilateral internal jugular vein and subclavian vein unite to form the ipsilateral brachiocephalic vein. [1] [2] The thoracic duct drains at the left venous angle, and the right lymphatic ...
The left and right brachiocephalic veins (previously called innominate veins) are major veins in the upper chest, formed by the union of the ipsilateral internal jugular vein and subclavian vein (the so-called venous angle) [1] behind the sternoclavicular joint. [2]
The heart is a muscular organ situated in the mediastinum.It consists of four chambers, four valves, two main arteries (the coronary arteries), and the conduction system. The left and right sides of the heart have different functions: the right side receives de-oxygenated blood through the superior and inferior venae cavae and pumps blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, and the left ...
These trunks act as major conduits for lymph to reach larger lymphatic ducts or directly enter the venous circulation at the venous angle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This transportation process is vital for immune surveillance, as it enables the movement of lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells to lymph nodes where they can detect and respond to pathogens ...
In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. [1] [2] It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and Latin vascula meaning vessels).
The Frank-Starling mechanism occurs as the result of the length-tension relationship observed in striated muscle, including for example skeletal muscles, arthropod muscle [4] and cardiac (heart) muscle. [5] [6] [7] As striated muscle is stretched, active tension is created by altering the overlap of thick and thin filaments. The greatest ...
As part of the pulmonary circulation they carry oxygenated blood back to the heart, as opposed to the veins of the systemic circulation which carry deoxygenated blood. [citation needed] By definition, a vein is a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart, whether oxygenated or deoxygenated.
The sinus venosus is a large quadrangular cavity which precedes the atrium on the venous side of the chordate heart. [1] [verification needed]In mammals, the sinus venosus exists distinctly only in the embryonic heart where it is found between the two venae cavae; in the adult, the sinus venosus becomes incorporated into the wall of the right atrium to form a smooth part called the sinus ...