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The mind and behavior of non-human animals has captivated the human imagination for centuries. Many writers, such as Descartes, have speculated about the presence or absence of the animal mind. [7] These speculations led to many observations of animal behavior before modern science and testing were available.
[P 14] [S 127] [S 75] They are capable of drawing attention to gain access to a food source, such as through their gaze or, in some cases, by making physical contact. [ S 127 ] [ S 128 ] [ S 129 ] [ 75 ] The horse is the second domestic animal species, after the dog, in which this ability has been demonstrated.
Dogs have about twice the number of neurons in their cerebral cortexes than what cats have, which suggests they could be about twice as intelligent. [2] Studies have shown that dogs display many behaviors associated with intelligence. They have advanced memory skills, and are able to read and react appropriately to human body language such as ...
The following are two lists of animals ordered by the size of their nervous system.The first list shows number of neurons in their entire nervous system. The second list shows the number of neurons in the structure that has been found to be representative of animal intelligence. [1]
[2] [5] Early studies focused almost entirely on studying if chimpanzees could understand the knowledge of humans. This approach turned out not to be particularly fruitful and 20 years later, Heyes, reviewing all the extant data, observed that there had been "no substantial progress" in the subject area. [6]
[4] [5] Lulu, a pet potbellied pig, was motivated to seek help when her owner suffered a heart attack. The pig got outside the house and occupied the road, then went back to the house, repeating this behavior until a car stopped and Lulu led the driver to her owner, who was finally saved. [6] [7] [8]
The conundrum faced by the Supreme Court in Dred Scott likewise applies to the plight of intelligent animals which have been abused and forced to live a miserable and painful life in detention ...
Animal Cognition in Nature: The Convergence of Psychology and Biology in Laboratory and Field by Russell P. Balda, Irene M. Pepperberg, A. C. Kamil. ISBN 0-12-077030-X . Alex & Me: How a Scientist and a Parrot Discovered a Hidden World of Animal Intelligence--and Formed a Deep Bond in the Process , by Irene M. Pepperberg ISBN 978-0061673986