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Fundic gland polyposis is a medical syndrome where the fundus and the body of the stomach develop many fundic gland polyps. The condition has been described both in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and attenuated variants (AFAP), and in patients in whom it occurs sporadically.
A fundic gland polyp is a type of polyp, found in the fundus of the stomach. Fundic gland polyps are found in 0.8 to 1.9% of patients who undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and are more common in middle-aged women. [2] The risk of malignancy is very low or none, when sporadic. [3]
Polyps are found throughout the GI tract (most frequently in the stomach and large intestine, followed by the small intestine) though typically avoid the esophagus. [6] A biopsy will reveal them to be hamartomas; the possibility that they progress to cancer is generally considered to be low, [7] although it has been reported multiple times in the past.
Fundic gland polyposis is a medical syndrome where the fundus and the body of the stomach develop many fundic gland polyps. Pernicious anemia is caused when damaged parietal cells fail to produce the intrinsic factor necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12. This is the most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Immunofluorescence staining pattern of gastric parietal antibodies on a stomach section Parietal cells are part of fundic gland polyps (here shown in high magnification). [9] Peptic ulcers can result from over-acidity in the stomach. Antacids can be used to enhance the natural tolerance of the gastric lining.
Polyps and nodules can exhibit similar symptoms including hoarseness or breathiness, "rough" or "scratchy" voice, harshness in vocal quality, shooting pain from ear to ear, sensation of having "a lump in the back of the throat", neck pain, decreased pitch range in the voice, and vocal and bodily fatigue.
- Foveolar hyperplasia (black arrow), as a tortuosity in the "neck" region of the gastric glands. - Scant or minimal inflammatory cells (white arrow), i.e. lack of large numbers of neutrophils and plasma cells.. - Smooth muscle hyperplasia in the lamina propria (in black oval). The diagnosis is by examination of tissue, e.g. a stomach biopsy.
Recent research has shown that autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis (AMAG) is a result of the immune system attacking the parietal cells. [6]Environmental metaplastic atrophic gastritis (EMAG) is due to environmental factors, such as diet and H. pylori infection.