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Pythagorean astronomical system. An astronomical system positing that the Earth, Moon, Sun, and planets revolve around an unseen " Central Fire " was developed in the fifth century BC and has been attributed to the Pythagorean philosopher Philolaus. [1][2] The system has been called "the first coherent system in which celestial bodies move in ...
Pythagoras. Pythagoras of Samos[a] (Ancient Greek: Πυθαγόρας; c. 570 – c. 495 BC) [b] was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher, polymath and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism. His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, the West in ...
The worship of Pythagoras continued in Italy and as a religious community Pythagoreans appear to have survived as part of, or deeply influenced, the Bacchic cults and Orphism. Even the early christian cenobitic traditions may be seen in light of the matematikoi. The biblical Greek name for 'disciple' is 'mathetes' .
For other uses, see Cosmos (disambiguation). Flammarion engraving, Paris 1888. The cosmos (Ancient Greek: κόσμος, romanized:Kósmos, / ˈkɒzmɒs /, US also /- moʊs, - məs /) [ 1 ] is an alternative name for the universe or its nature or order. Usage of the word cosmos implies viewing the universe as a complex and orderly system or entity.
Pre-Socratic philosophy, also known as Early Greek Philosophy, is ancient Greek philosophy before Socrates.Pre-Socratic philosophers were mostly interested in cosmology, the beginning and the substance of the universe, but the inquiries of these early philosophers spanned the workings of the natural world as well as human society, ethics, and religion.
Doubling the cube. Infinite universe. Archytas (/ ˈɑːrkɪtəs /; Greek: Ἀρχύτας; 435/410–360/350 BC [2]) was an Ancient Greek mathematician, music theorist, [3] statesman, and strategist from the ancient city of Taras (Tarentum) in Southern Italy. He was a scientist and philosopher affiliated with the Pythagorean school and famous ...
Philolaus (/ ˌfɪləˈleɪəs /; Ancient Greek: Φιλόλαος, Philólaos; c. 470 – c. 385 BC) [1][2] was a Greek Pythagorean and pre-Socratic philosopher. He was born in a Greek colony in Italy and migrated to Greece. Philolaus has been called one of three most prominent figures in the Pythagorean tradition and the most outstanding ...
Archimedes of Syracuse a (ˌɑːrkɪˈmiːdiːzAR-kim-EE-deez; 2 c.287 – c. 212BC) was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. 3 Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity.