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An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. The overall reaction equation is as follows (where the Rs can be H)
It can be considered as a specific variation of the aldol condensation. This reaction is named after two of its pioneering investigators Rainer Ludwig Claisen and J. Gustav Schmidt, who independently published on this topic in 1880 and 1881. [1] [2] [3] An example is the synthesis of dibenzylideneacetone ((1E, 4E)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3 ...
It can also be prepared by combining ethylene, CO, and H 2. [4] When the reaction is catalyzed by dicobalt octacarbonyl, water can be used as a source of hydrogen.A proposed intermediate is the ethylene-propionyl species [CH 3 C(O)Co(CO) 3 (ethylene)] which undergoes a migratory insertion to form [CH 3 COCH 2 CH 2 Co(CO) 3].
In a reaction between the ketone 2-pentanone and the aldehyde benzaldehyde catalyzed by base the bis Aldol adduct is formed first. The second step is a ring-closing reaction when one hydroxyl group displaces the other in a nucleophilic substitution forming an oxo- tetrahydropyran .
In its simplest implementation, base induces conversion of an aldehyde or a ketone to the aldol product. One example involves the aldol condensation of propionaldehyde: 2 CH 3 CH 2 CHO → CH 3 CH 2 CH(OH)CH(CH 3)CHO. Featuring the RCH(OH)CHR'C(O)R" grouping, the product is an aldol. In this case . Such reactions are called aldol aldol ...
Dibenzyl ketone, or 1,3-diphenylacetone, is an organic compound composed of two benzyl groups attached to a central carbonyl group. This results in the central carbonyl carbon atom being electrophilic and the two adjacent carbon atoms slightly nucleophilic.
2,4-Dimethylpentane is an alkane with the chemical formula [(H 3 C) 2 CH] 2 CH 2. This colorless hydrocarbon is produced in large quantities in oil refineries. It results from the alkylation of isobutane by propylene. [1] Often referred to as "alkylate", it is blended with other gasoline components to give a high octane fuel.
For the second generation reaction starting with the diazoketone, the reaction is performed by irradiation of a 0.7 M solution of the ketone with 1.0-1.2 equivalents of acetylene. A low-pressure mercury-vapor lamp at 254 nm in a photochemical reactor is used for 5–8 hours until all the diazoketone has been consumed as determined by TLC analysis.