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The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio and also known as the Ordinance of 1787), enacted July 13, 1787, was an organic act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States.
1805 Cary map of the Great Lakes and Western Territory (Kentucky, Virginia, Ohio, etc.) Integration of the Northwest Territory into a political unit, and settlement, depended on three factors: relinquishment by the British, extinguishment of states' claims west of the Appalachians, and usurpation or purchase of lands from the Native Americans.
Northwest Territory of the United States, 1787 This 1856 map shows slave states (gray), free states (pink), U.S. territories (green), and Kansas in center (white).. In United States law, an organic act is an act of the United States Congress that establishes a territory of the United States and specifies how it is to be governed, [1] or an agency to manage certain federal lands.
Map of territorial growth, 1775 Northwest territory Monument referencing the beginning point of the PLSS. Originally proposed by Thomas Jefferson to create a nation of "yeoman farmers", [1] the PLSS began shortly after the American Revolutionary War, when the federal government became responsible for large areas of land west of the original thirteen states.
The Public Land Survey System of the United States was established by Congressional legislation in 1785, in order to provide an orderly mechanism for opening the Northwest Territory for settlement. The ordinance directed the Geographer of the United States, Thomas Hutchins , to survey an initial east-west base line.
In 1787 the Northwest Ordinance was enacted, creating the Northwest Territory, which was bounded by the Great Lakes and the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. [8] Some entities in the Midwest have "Northwest" in their names for historical reasons, such as Northwestern University in Illinois. [9]
The ordinance was passed on May 20, 1785. The sections were to be numbered starting at 1 in the southeast and running south to north in each tier to 36 in the northwest. The surveys were to be performed under the direction of the Geographer of the United States (Thomas Hutchins). [8]
The new territory was essentially governed under the same provisions as the Northwest Ordinance, a 1787 act enacted for the creation of the Northwest Territory north of the Ohio River. The Northwest Ordinance's provision outlawing slavery was not applied to the Southwest Territory, however. Along with rules of governance, the Ordinance outlined ...