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The sigmoid colon is completely surrounded by peritoneum (and thus is not retroperitoneal), which forms a mesentery (sigmoid mesocolon), which diminishes in length from the center toward the ends of the loop, where it disappears, so that the loop is fixed at its junctions with the iliac colon and rectum, but enjoys a considerable range of movement in its central portion.
The sigmoid arteries are 2–5 branches of the inferior mesenteric artery that are distributed to the distal descending colon and the sigmoid colon. [ 1 ] Anatomy
The left colic artery is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery distributed to the descending colon, and left part of the transverse colon.It ends by dividing into an ascending branch and a descending branch; [1] the terminal branches of the two branches go on to form anastomoses with the middle colic artery, and a sigmoid artery (respectively).
The sigmoid colon is the part of the large intestine after the descending colon and before the rectum. The name sigmoid means S-shaped (see sigmoid; cf. sigmoid sinus). The walls of the sigmoid colon are muscular and contract to increase the pressure inside the colon, causing the stool to move into the rectum.
In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) is the third main branch of the abdominal aorta and arises at the level of L3, supplying the large intestine from the distal transverse colon to the upper part of the anal canal. The regions supplied by the IMA are the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum. [1]
The sigmoid mesocolon is that region of the mesentery to which the sigmoid colon is attached at the gastrointestinal mesenteric margin. The mesoappendix is the portion of the mesentery connecting the ileum to the appendix .
Ascending and descending colon; Duodenum; Posterior pararenal space. Bounded by the posterior leaf of the renal fascia and the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall. It contains only fat ("pararenal fat" also known as "pararenal fat body", "paranephric body", or "paranephric fat").
There are three teniae coli: mesocolic, free and omental taeniae coli. The teniae coli contract lengthwise to produce the haustra, the bulges in the colon. Large bowel (sigmoid colon) with multiple diverticula. These appear on either side of the longitudinal muscle bundle (taenium). The bands converge at the root of the vermiform appendix.