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The bark is gray on the outside with a red interior. These trees also have small white flowers that are wind pollinated with 10-12 inch long pencil shaped seeds. [1] Black mangrove flower Excreted salt on the underside of a mangrove leaf. Avicennia germinans — black mangrove; Black mangrove trees grow to a heights of 133 feet and average 66 feet.
Lobate lac scale insects infest at least 94 species of native trees in Florida, particularly the wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera), cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco), and buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus). Severe infestations can kill trees and shrubs, and dense infestations have been found in hardwood hammocks which are defined by the diversity of trees.
Though the trees are few in species, the ecosystem that these trees create provides a habitat for a great variety of other species, including as many as 174 species of marine megafauna. [ 11 ] Mangrove ecosystem in the coastal intertidal zone [ 12 ]
Native plants and animals in Florida are threatened by the spread of invasive species. [2] Florida is a major biodiversity hotspot in North America and the hospitable sub-tropical climate has also become a hotspot for invasive plants and animals due to anthropogenic introduction. [3] [4]
The USDA Plant hardiness zones for the state range from zone 8a (no colder than 10 °F (−12 °C) ) in the Crestview to zone 10b (no colder than 35 °F (2 °C) ) in Southeast Florida in 1990. [17] Miami Beach and the keys are Zone 11. Fall foliage in North Florida
[10] [11] These storms alter the coastline, flush decaying vegetation from estuaries, strip weakened branches from trees, and disperse seeds, pollen, and plant material. [12] Hurricane Donna in 1960 affected 120 square miles (310 km 2 ) of mangrove forests by depositing marl over the roots and depriving the trees of oxygen.
Florida's mild climate, international ports of entry, and animal and nursery trades make the state vulnerable to invasive species; those that currently pose a threat include the Burmese python, cane toad, feral pigs, and lionfish. [9] Native wildlife is also threatened by habitat loss through land being converted to agriculture and urban ...
The Apalachicola National Forest is the largest U.S. National Forest in the state of Florida.It encompasses 632,890 acres (988.89 sq mi; 2,561.2 km 2) [1] and is the only national forest located in the Florida Panhandle.