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[3] [4] Other functions were in the reinforcing of alliances amongst groups, as it was the example between the lowlanders and highlanders in the Philippines when trading, whether political or economic. [3] Earthenware was also used for burial, mainly secondary burial, in the form of jars and jarlets, and anthropomorphic vessels.
These anthropomorphic earthenware pots date back to 5 BC. - 225 A.D and had pot covers shaped like human heads. [2] Filipino pottery had other uses as well. During the Neolithic period of the Philippines, pottery was made for water vessels, plates, cups, and for many other uses. [3] Kalinga Pottery [4]
Tapayan is derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapay-an which refers to large earthen jars originally used to ferment rice wine ().In modern Austronesian languages, derivatives include tapayan (Tagalog, Ilocano and various Visayan languages), tapj-an (), and tapáy-an in the Philippines; and tepayan and tempayan (Javanese and Malay) in Brunei, Malaysia, and Indonesia.
Detail on a jar cover molded into a human head. Even though the burial jars are similar to that of the pottery found in Kulaman Plateau, Southern Mindanao and many more excavation sites here in the Philippines, what makes the Maitum jars uniquely different is how the anthropomorphic features depict “specific dead persons whose remains they guard”.
A palayok is a clay pot used as the traditional food preparation container in the Philippines. Palayok is a Tagalog word; in other parts of the country, especially in the Visayas, it is called a kulon; smaller-sized pots are referred to as anglit. Neighboring Indonesia and Malaysia refer to such vessel as a periuk.
Pipkin – an earthenware cooking pot used for cooking over direct heat from coals or a wood fire. Palayok – a clay pot used as the traditional food preparation container in the Philippines used for cooking. [30] [31] A Bronze Age siru food steamer
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Earthenware ceramics are also used to cook vegetables . [16] Large earthenware pots are utilized during communal events such as weddings. [ 16 ] Pasil potters made a cooking vessel for meat/vegetables, a cooking vessel for rice, a storage vessel for water, and sometimes made a wine storage jar . [ 16 ]