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In 1939, at the start of World War II, Poland was partitioned between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (see Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact). One-fifth of the Polish population perished during World War II; the 3,000,000 Polish Jews murdered in the Holocaust, who constituted 90% of Polish Jewry, made up half of all Poles killed during the war.
John Keegan, Atlas of the Second World War (1997)-Military dead 850,000(169,822 as allies); civilian dead 5,778,000. [102] World War Two: Nation by Nation (1995) Military dead approx. 480,000 including (125,000 killed in battle, 30,000 POW in Soviet hands and 200,000 in German hands, 80,000 Polish resistance and 35,000 in German armed forces ...
After Poland regained independence in 1918, the Second Polish Republic had a large Jewish minority.The early Polish Army was formed in the aftermath of World War I mostly from ethnic Polish volunteers, but as the situation stabilized and the country enforced regular conscriptions, the number of soldiers in the Polish Army from various ethnic minorities, including Jewish, increased.
The following figures of the Federal Agency for Civic Education (Germany) show the annihilation of the Jewish population of Europe by (pre-war) country as percentage points: [3] Country Estimated Pre-War Jewish population Estimated killed Percent killed Poland: 3,400,000: 3,000,000: 88.25% Soviet Union (excl. Baltic states) 3,000,000: 1,000,000 ...
The Jedwabne pogrom was a massacre of Polish Jews in the town of Jedwabne, German-occupied Poland, on 10 July 1941, during World War II and the early stages of the Holocaust. [4] Estimates of the number of victims vary from 300 to 1,600, including women, children, and elderly, many of whom were locked in a barn and burned alive. [5]
Pogrom halted after intervention by German army in favor of the Jews. Additional 100 Jews killed in July by Poles. The Jews were subsequently murdered by the Germans. 1941 Białystok massacres: 27 June, 3–4 July, 12–13 July 1941 Białystok Nazi Germany: 6,500–7,000 Jews Dobromil massacre 30 June 1941 Dobromil Nazi Germany: 50–132 Jews
During World War II, Jews in Poland suffered the worst percentage loss of life compared to all other national and ethnic groups. The vast majority were civilians. On average, 2800 Polish citizens died per day during its occupation. [240]
The six million murdered in the Holocaust thus represent 60 to 75 percent of these Jews. Of Poland's 3.3 million Jews, about 90 percent were murdered. [227] The same proportion were murdered in Latvia and Lithuania, but most of Estonia's Jews were evacuated in time. [228] Of the 750,000 Jews in Germany and Austria in 1933, only about a quarter ...