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Realization is generally straightforward, but there are instances at the margins in which the moment of realization can be tricky. One example of a tricky realization situation that has given rise to substantial debate is the 62nd home run ball hit by Mark McGwire. The ball was retrieved by a grounds crewman, Tim Forneris.
Monetary disequilibrium theory is a product of the monetarist school and is mainly represented in the works of Leland Yeager and Austrian macroeconomics. The basic concepts of monetary equilibrium and disequilibrium were, however, defined in terms of an individual's demand for cash balance by Mises (1912) in his Theory of Money and Credit. [1]
Monetary economics is the branch of economics that studies the different theories of money: it provides a framework for analyzing money and considers its functions ( as medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account), and it considers how money can gain acceptance purely because of its convenience as a public good. [1]
In systems theory, a realization of a state space model is an implementation of a given input-output behavior. That is, given an input-output relationship, a realization is a quadruple of ( time-varying ) matrices [ A ( t ) , B ( t ) , C ( t ) , D ( t ) ] {\displaystyle [A(t),B(t),C(t),D(t)]} such that
Cashflows insufficient. The term "Cash Conversion Cycle" refers to the timespan between a firm's disbursing and collecting cash. However, the CCC cannot be directly observed in cashflows, because these are also influenced by investment and financing activities; it must be derived from Statement of Financial Position data associated with the firm's operations.
In contrast, the cash accounting recognizes revenues when cash is received, no matter when goods or services are sold. Cash can be received in an earlier or later period than when obligations are met, resulting in the following two types of accounts: Accrued revenue: Revenue is recognized before cash is received.
The Cambridge equation formally represents the Cambridge cash-balance theory, an alternative approach to the classical quantity theory of money. Both quantity theories, Cambridge and classical, attempt to express a relationship among the amount of goods produced , the price level , amounts of money, and how money moves.
Merton's portfolio problem is a problem in continuous-time finance and in particular intertemporal portfolio choice.An investor must choose how much to consume and must allocate their wealth between stocks and a risk-free asset so as to maximize expected utility.