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The Philippine Sea plate or the Philippine plate is a tectonic plate comprising oceanic lithosphere that lies beneath the Philippine Sea, to the east of the Philippines. Most segments of the Philippines, including northern Luzon , are part of the Philippine Mobile Belt , which is geologically and tectonically separate from the Philippine Sea plate.
Major physiographic elements of the Philippine Mobile Belt Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park marker describing the geologic history of the Philippines. In the geology of the Philippines, the Philippine Mobile Belt is a complex portion of the tectonic boundary between the Eurasian plate and the Philippine Sea plate, comprising most of the country of the Philippines.
The Philippine archipelago is also cut along its length by a left-lateral strike-slip fault known as the Philippine Fault. [5] [1] Active subduction disturbs the Earth's crust, leading to volcanic activity, earthquakes, and tsunamis, making the Philippines one of the most geologically hazard-prone regions on Earth. [4] [6]
The Philippine fault system is a major inter-related system of geological faults throughout the whole of the Philippine Archipelago, [1] primarily caused by tectonic forces compressing the Philippines into what geophysicists call the Philippine Mobile Belt. [2] Some notable Philippine faults include the Guinayangan, Masbate and Leyte faults.
Flammarion had been apprenticed at the age of twelve to an engraver in Paris and it is believed that many of the illustrations for his books were engraved from his own drawings, probably under his supervision. Therefore, it is plausible that Flammarion himself created the image, though the evidence for this remains inconclusive.
Back-arc basins can form from extension in the overriding plate, in response to the displacement of the subducting slab at some oceanic trenches. This paradoxically results in divergence which was only incorporated in the theory of plate tectonics in 1970, but still results in net destruction when summed over major plate boundaries.
It forms part of a linked set of trenches along the western side of the Philippines formed over east-dipping subduction zones, including the Manila Trench and the Negros Trench. [1] At its northern end the rate of convergence across this boundary is about 100 mm per year. [2]
The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine Archipelago (hence the name) and the largest sea in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of 5 million square kilometers (2 × 10 ^ 6 sq mi). [1] The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. [2]