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In organic chemistry, isothiocyanate is a functional group as found in compounds with the formula R−N=C=S. Isothiocyanates are the more common isomers of thiocyanates , which have the formula R−S−C≡N .
By contrast, N=C and C=S distances are 117 and 158 pm in isothiocyanates. [7] Typical bond angles for C−S−C are 100°. [3] By contrast C−N=C in aryl isothiocyanates is 165°. Again, the thiocyanate isomers are quite different with C−S−C angle near 100°. In both organic thiocyanate and isothiocyanate isomers the SCN angle approaches ...
Methyl isothiocyanate is the organosulfur compound with the formula CH 3 N=C=S. This low melting colorless solid is a powerful lachrymator . As a precursor to a variety of valuable bioactive compounds, it is the most important organic isothiocyanate in industry.
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a naturally occurring unsaturated isothiocyanate. The colorless oil is responsible for the pungent taste of cruciferous vegetables such as mustard , radish , horseradish , and wasabi .
Benzyl isothiocyanate, and other isothiocyanates in general, were found to be protective against pancreatic carcinogenesis in vitro [3] via expression of the p21/WAF1 gene. [4] A recent published study showed its restraining impact on obesity, fatty liver, and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity mouse model.
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is a derivative of fluorescein used in wide-ranging applications [1] [2] including flow cytometry. First described in 1942, [ 3 ] FITC is the original fluorescein molecule functionalized with an isothiocyanate reactive group (−N=C=S), replacing a hydrogen atom on the bottom ring of the structure.
Thiocyanate [6] is known to be an important part in the biosynthesis of hypothiocyanite by a lactoperoxidase. [7] [8] [9] Thus the complete absence of thiocyanate or reduced thiocyanate [10] in the human body, (e.g., cystic fibrosis) is damaging to the human host defense system.
Phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) is a reagent used in reversed phase HPLC. PITC is less sensitive than o - phthaldehyde (OPA) and cannot be fully automated. PITC can be used for analysing secondary amines, unlike OPA.