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Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. [1]
The trabecular bone has much higher metabolic activity than the cortical bone and so is affected by age, disease and therapy-related changes earlier and to a greater degree than cortical bone. This means that QCT of the spine has an advantage compared to other bone density tests because earlier changes in bone mineral density may be detected . [1]
The geriatric rheumatology clinic provides evaluation and management services to patients with various musculoskeletal and soft tissue disorders.Evaluation of the elderly patient is often complex due to the many comorbid conditions encountered in this population often compounded by cognitive disorders, functional decline, polypharmacy and limited social supports.
A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]
Osteoporosis is a very prevalent disease in the elderly population but not much is known about the optimal prescription and dosage of physical exercise to help prevent bone mineral loss. A lot of the focus around osteoporosis is also prevention and not so much maintenance which should be the front runner when considering what approach to take.
In medicine and medical statistics, the gold standard, criterion standard, [1] or reference standard [2] is the diagnostic test or benchmark that is the best available under reasonable conditions. [3] It is the test against which new tests are compared to gauge their validity, and it is used to evaluate the efficacy of treatments. [1]
Observational longitudinal studies have further evaluated REMS T-score performance in the identification of patients at risk for fragility fracture. [1] [2] Specifically, in Adami et al., [1] a group of more than 1.500 patients has undergone both DXA and REMS scans. Afterwards, these patients have been monitored for a period up to 5 years in ...
In clinical practice, post-test probabilities are often just estimated or even guessed. This is usually acceptable in the finding of a pathognomonic sign or symptom, in which case it is almost certain that the target condition is present; or in the absence of finding a sine qua non sign or symptom, in which case it is almost certain that the target condition is absent.